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Induced systemic resistance (ISR)Local resistance againstpathogensInduced systemic resistanceNonpathogenic, plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)- ISR is mediated through Jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylenedependentsignalling pathway- ISR is highly host-specific specific (i.e. certain PGPR strains can elicitISR only in certain plant species and genotypes)- Downstream effects of ISR- Accumulation of phytoalexin,phenolic compounds and lignins, increase in the levels of PRproteins, peroxidases and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)10