Microbial-Observatory-Mini-Book-04-28-14-508

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Hardware Available for Incubation and StoragePhotograph of CGBA during Increment 33showing open containment volume and samplecanisters. Image courtesy of NASA.Commercial Generic BioprocessingApparatus (CGBA): The CGBA is aprogrammable, accurate temperature-controlledsystem for cold stowage or incubation studies.The BioServe Culture Apparatus (BCA) insidethe CGBA was developed for suspension cellculture research. The hardware allows forpassive gas exchange in a sterile environmentand can provide growth media, time-coursesampling and fixation of cultures.General Laboratory Active Cryogenic ISS Equipment Refrigerator (GLACIER):GLACIER is an ultra-cold freezer (capable of temperatures down to -165°C) with astorage volume of 1.35L.Kriogem-3M: Kriogem-3M is a refrigerator used for the stowage of biologicalsamples and incubation of certain types of bioreactors.KUBIK: KUBIK is a portable incubator thatcan function as a growth chamber(+ 6 to 38°C) or stowage. It is equipped withcompartments for microgravity or artificialgravity using a centrifuge.Kubik with centrifuge configuration loaded withexperiment containers. Image courtesy of ESA.Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer(MELFI): MELFI is a refrigerator/freezer(capable of temperatures +4°C to -80°C) with astorage volume of 175L.Microgravity Experiment ResearchLocker/Incubator (MERLIN): MERLIN is amultipurpose freezer, refrigerator or incubatorwith temperatures between -20°C and 48.5°Cwith a storage volume of 4.17L.30ISS Commander Sunita Williams and Aki Hoshidetransferring MELFI samples during Expedition 33.
Sample Collection, Handling, and Fixation DevicesAvailable on the ISSBiotube: A large volume incubator with triple-containment and environmentalcontrols capable of delivering fixative to specimens and remote monitoring throughan integrated digital imaging system.Kennedy Space Center Fixation Tube (KFT)Kennedy Space Center Fixation Tube(KFT): KFT was designed to contain microbialsamples during flight with three safety levels ofcontainment. Samples can be chemically fixedor stained by activating fluids stored inside aseparate tube chamber.Portable Glovebox (PGB): The PGB is a modular system for preventingcontamination of microbes when other experimental hardware is opened forobservations, sampling, or fixations.Wet Lab Kit: This is a customizable kit with consumables and tools for supportingin-orbit sample processing (e.g., disposable glove bags, swabs, wet wipes, etc.).JAXA Sampling Kit: JAXA Sampling Kit (Swab & Tube, Sampling Sheet,<strong>Microbial</strong> Detection sheet(MDS)) is used to collect and detect microbes. SamplingSheet is an adhesive sheet to collect microbes. MDS is a sheet-type culture mediumwith non-woven fabrics, which detects microbes on the ISS.Process for Payload Development and ImplementationFollowing selection of an experiment for spaceflight, the PI will work with a payloadintegrator or hardware developer to define the most suitable hardware, and determineif hardware needs to be created or modified. The research team in combination withpayload integrations will establish the specific laboratory requirements needed tosupport the experiment. Through these collaborative efforts, concerns such as crewprocedures and crew training, the need for spare parts and/or contingencies involvinghardware, and stowage requirements of the samples will be addressed and resolved.It is highly recommended that the PI preform a series of investigations using theidentical hardware and under configuration and control conditions similar to thoseanticipated in-flight prior to the launch. This will prevent unforeseen issues withthe hardware and allow specific mission constraints to be defined, and mitigated,prior to the experiments implementation once aboard the ISS. It is also within this31
Page 1 and 2: National Aeronautics and Space Admi
Page 3: The Lab is OpenOrbiting the Earth a
Page 6 and 7: Table of ContentsChapter 1: Microbi
Page 8 and 9: There is much to be gained by emplo
Page 10 and 11: Research Scope of an ISS Microbial
Page 12 and 13: microbiome that persists on the ISS
Page 14 and 15: 14Staphylococcus aureus are not unc
Page 16 and 17: 16Preventive measures during spacef
Page 18 and 19: compared to controls (Tixador et al
Page 20 and 21: Initiating Ground-BasedResearch - S
Page 22 and 23: describing the environment produced
Page 24 and 25: LSMMG-cultured S. Typhimurium suffe
Page 26 and 27: When planning microbiology experime
Page 28 and 29: Light Microscopy Module (LMM)Japan
Page 32 and 33: time frame that the science team ne
Page 34 and 35: Citations(1969). “Apollo 7to 11:
Page 36 and 37: Fang, A., D. L. Pierson, S. K. Mish
Page 38 and 39: Nauman, E. A., C. M. Ott, E. Sander
Page 40 and 41: flight alters bacterial gene expres
Page 42 and 43: The Complete ISS Researcher’sGuid
Page 44: National Aeronautics and Space Admi

Microbial-Observatory-Mini-Book-04-28-14-508

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