The European e-Business Report The European e ... - empirica

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The European e-Business Report 2006/07On the other hand, it is also possible that many companies – particularly in non-ICTrelatedindustries – are not aware that they should actually upgrade their ICT skills byhiring qualified people.Exhibit 1.2-1: Networks and protocols usedWeighting scheme:Companiesemploying ICTpractitioners% ofempl.% offirmsRegular ICTtraining ofemployees% ofempl.% offirmsCompanieswith hard-tofillvacanciesfor ICT jobs in2005% ofempl.% offirmsCompanies usinge-learning% ofempl.% offirmsTotal (EU-10) 27 14 22 13 2 1 21 11By firm sizeMicro (1-9 empl.) 12 9 2 12Small (10-49 empl.) 15 16 0 11Medium (50-249empl.)29 28 2 19Large (250+ empl.) 59 41 6 35By sectorFood & beverages 26 11 26 14 2 0 16 9Footwear 20 13 14 6 1 0 7 5Pulp & paper 35 16 29 12 3 1 21 13ICT manufacturing 52 31 39 24 8 3 28 20Consumer electronics 35 17 21 16 4 2 23 18Shipbuilding & repair 36 33 29 20 4 0 14 15Construction 22 14 18 12 2 1 12 8Tourism 27 12 21 11 3 2 29 15Telecommunication 63 33 52 21 12 5 41 28Hospital activities 57 39 39 34 5 3 26 22Base (100%)firms usingcomputersfirms usingcomputersfirms usingcomputersfirms usingcomputersN (for total, EU-10) 7237 7237 7237 7237Questionnaire reference B1 B4 B2 B5ICT training for employeesSource: e-Business W@tch (Survey 2006)Companies representing about 20% of employment said that they regularly sendemployees to ICT training programmes. The figure increases by size-band, from about15% of small firms to 30% of medium ones and 40% of large firms. Training activities donot concern only ICT practitioners that run the systems, but also ICT users among theworkforce. As can be expected, companies from ICT-related industries appear to be themost active supporters of ICT training for their employees, since the required ICT skillsdepend on the typical daily work routine of employees. For example, the low degree oftraining activity in many footwear companies indicates that production in this sector is not(yet) as much ICT-based as in other manufacturing industries.e-Learning, which means supporting training with learning material in electronic format,for example material that is available on an intranet or the internet, is used only by about10% of firms, but increases by firm-size. e-Learning applications can be used for ICTrelatedtraining, but also for other sector-specific or even company-specific trainingsources (e.g. about raw materials or manufacturing methods).43
The European e-Business Report 2006/07"e-Skills" – mainly a managerial issue?In summary, evidence suggests that the lack of ICT skills is more of an issue at themanagerial level, i.e. how to use e-business to support the company strategy. Accordingto the e-Business Survey 2006 results, ICT skills gaps seem more of a concern forcompanies in the ICT-related industries and less so in some other sectors studied thisyear. However, this is a debatable issue. The EU ICT Task Force 6 recommendsmeasures to counteract the "growing e-skills gap" (see box). The challenge is that there isprobably no simple, straightforward answer as to which ICT-related qualifications areneeded and whether there is a shortage in supply of these qualifications or not.Companies from sectors with a high affinity to ICT, such as the ICT producing industries,are probably the ones most concerned by such a skills gap. For the others, more in-depthresearch is required, by type of industry, company size or specific level of ICT skills.SnapshotSigns of a growing e-skills gap - conclusions of the EU ICTTask Force"(…) Innovation and ICT uptake in Europe are thus highly dependent on thee-skills of the workforce, in terms of practitioners and users, as well as ICTrelatedbusiness skills. However, evidence points to growing e-skills gaps(either a shortage of absolute numbers of ICT workers, or a mismatchbetween supply and demand of specific skills). Europe’s educational andprofessional training systems do not sufficiently deliver the 21st century skillsneeded to ensure workforce competitiveness and economic innovation."Source: "Fostering the Competitiveness of Europe's ICT Industry." EU ICTTask Force Report, November 2006. p. 26.Available at http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/ict/policy/doc/icttf_report.pdf1.2.2 Outsourcing of ICT services and ICT investmentsOutsourcinge-Business W@tch asked firms whether they had outsourced any of their ICT servicesto external service providers in 2005 which they had previously conducted in-house. Inthe ten sectors studied, this was the case for about 15% of companies, with a slightincrease by firm-size (see Exhibit 1.2-2). There is not much difference in this respectbetween size-bands or sectors, except for micro-enterprises.It is interesting to compare these figures with those from the e-Business Survey 2005,where a different question was asked. In 2005, the question was whether companies hadoutsourced any ICT services, not necessarily in the previous year. About 60% of thesmall firms and about 80% of the medium-sized and large firms had replied that they hadoutsourced ICT services. Assuming that the picture would be quite similar if the samequestion had been asked in 2006, this would mean that about one in five companies (outof those that use outsourcing) had outsourced additional ICT services in 2005.6For more information, see http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/ict/taskforce.htm.44
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