GREECE, Giorgos Giannatos

The Golden Jackal inSE EuropeID, Status, research, perspectives(the Greek case)Giorgos GiannatosWildlife Biologist Ph.D.

Acoustic method survey• total of 264 possible areas of presence wereidentified.• In each of these areas selected survey routeswere drawn based on existing road networks,vegetation, and morphology.• Calling stations were set along these routes insuch a way as to cover completely each area ofpresence.• Linear distance between successive trial callingstations was between 2-4 km.

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Acoustic method• Very effective• Family groups (usually)• Low cost

• SamosRadio-tracking of selected individuals in Samos and MornosStudy areas

Radio - tracking

70s 2001Optimum habitat = low altitude mosaic of Mediterranean scrub andsmall cultivated fields as well as lowland wetlands with sufficient cover2000 – 2001 population survey, - 160 -170 family groups > 1200adults +sub-adultsCurrently STABLE – decline locally in Peloponnesus -DENSITIES: low 1 group/ 12km 2 (Peloponnesus) , average 2 -3groups/ 12km 2 , high ~ 3 jackals/km 2 (wetlands)

decline causes:- abandonment of the small cultivations in the middle altitude areas,- the decline of small-stock raising, the changes in animal husbandry,- the intensification of cultivations in the lowlands,- the urbanisation and forest fires in large parts of lowland Greecesmall population clusters, isolated due to manymountain barriers in central and western country +persecution in 70sinbreeding - final extirpation

No effectin dynamicpopulations/ 20jackals in150 km 2ShotHigh mortalityRoads

Minor damages to livestockApproached domesticanimal installations

Food habitsCase 122 animal + 3 plant species6,51 %0,67 %

Case 228 animal + 12 plant species7,7%0.1%3,4%8.3 %

Case 337 animal + 20 plant species6,5%6,4%3,5%3,7%5,8%

Danube river catchmentplains and low altitude no barriersfood unlimited (livestock +intensive game farming)daytime refuge (lowlandplantations, few small forestremnants, riverside or channel-sidedense vegetation )Probably less snowy winters

Conclusions• The causes of the differences between Danuberiver basin and Greece (or coastal Dalmatia):• Greece (+ lesser degree Dalmatian coast)• mountainous - many mountain barriers and widespread wolfpopulation• jackal populations were restricted in the small area oflowlands – affected by development, agricultureintensification and dramatic change in animal husbandry• Danube catchment• No such barriers - connectivity• The size of suitable area is large• Large food base from anthropogenic sources (livestock,hunting)No genetic diversity – commonfounder

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