Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (4, Supplement ... - Sipav.org

S4.94 Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (4, Supplement), S4.71-S4.105
creased all microbial activities, suppressivity levels and EC for the
whole experimental period, whereas pH did not changed. Conversely,
Biolog CLPPs were enhanced in compost-amended
soil at the beginning, but decreased with the time and disappeared
at the end of the incubation period. FDA hydrolysis rate
was strongly positively correlated to EC, soil beta-glucosidase activity
and Biolog CLPPs. Results indicate that compost amendment
affected microbial activities, both at the global and functional
level, as a consequence of supplied carbon source. CO 2 release
and soil beta-glucosidase activity were strongly auto-correlated
and negatively related to the percentage of Rhizoctonia diseased
plants, suggesting a mechanism of general suppression,
where antagonistic microbial populations are stimulated by compost
addition.
A PROTEOMIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF THE
ROLE OF CERATO-PLATANIN IN CERATOCYSTIS PLA-
TANI AND IN THE CANKER STAIN DISEASE. B. Pantera 1 ,
L. Pazzagli 1 , L. Carresi 2 , C. Comparini 2 , F. Martellini 1 , M. Capuana
3 , G. Cappugi 1 , I. Baccelli 2 , R. Bernardi 4 , A. Scala 2 . 1 Dipartimento
di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi, Viale Morgagni
50, 50134 Firenze, Italy. 2 Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
Agrarie, Sezione di Protezione delle Piante, Laboratorio di Patologia
Vegetale Molecolare, Università degli Studi, Via della Lastruccia
10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy. 3 Istituto di Genetica Vegetale
del CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
(FI), Italy. 4 Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, Università
degli Studi, Via della Piagge 23, 56124 Pisa, Italy. E-mail: barbara.pantera@unifi.it
Cerato-platanin (CP) is a moderately hydrophobic protein
abundantly secreted and localized in the cell wall of Ceratocystis
platani. CP is assumed to play a role in host-plant interaction,
since it induces production of H 2 O 2 and NO, programmed plant
cell death, overexpression of defence genes, phytoalexin synthesis
and restriction of conidia growth. Therefore, CP appears to act as
PAMP able to activate effective primary defence mechanisms.
Moreover, CP is the founder of the “cerato-platanin family”,
whose members are secreted proteins involved in the microbehost
interaction acting as phytotoxins, elicitors of plant defence
responses or human allergens. The proteomic project that we are
setting up has the aim to investigate the role of CP in the physiology
of the fungus and in the physiopathology of the disease.
Conidia of C. platani were harvested from fruiting cultures and
suspended in PDB (2×10 5 conidia ml -1 ). Aliquots of 100 µl
droplets were then applied to plane leaves and in empty Petri
dishes as controls. All samples were maintained in a moist chamber
at room temperature. After 48 h the mycelium was removed
and lyophilized, and leaves were put at -80°C for further analysis.
An aliquot of 0.05 g of dry mycelium was re-suspended in an
acidic extraction buffer containing dodecyl-maltoside as a detergent.
Results from 2D-gels have highlighted: (i) proteins expressed
in the mycelium grown in PDB vs that grown on plant
leaves, and (ii) proteins extracted from the treated leaves vs proteins
from control leaves.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF
ALFALFA MOSAIC VIRUS OCCURRENCE IN LAVANDULA
VERA CROPS OF LIGURIA. G. Parrella 1 , C. Cavicchi 2 , G. Zama
2 , M.G. Bellardi 3 . 1 Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante del
CNR, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy. 2 Plesso Didattico
G. Scarabelli, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Viale G. Ascari
15, 40026 Imola (BO), Italy. 3 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tec-
nologie Agroambientali, Sezione di Patologia Vegetale, Università
degli Studi, Viale Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy. E-mail: giuseppe.
parrella@ipp.cnr.it
From 2008 to 2010, a study was carried out on the occurrence
of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) in some Lavandula vera crops of Albenga
(Liguria, northern Italy). This non-persistent aphid-borne
virus represents one of the most dangerous and economically important
pathogens of lavander affecting both plant growth and appearance.
In 2008 and 2009 numerous inspections were made at
several lavender producers with accurate examination of potgrown
plants before blooming. AMV was detected by DAS-
ELISA and PCR in association with stunting and yellow mosaic
symptoms. Considering that L. vera is propagated by shoots and
that mother-plants (10- to 12-year-old) are grown at the borders of
pot-plant crops, in 2010 Ligurian propagation materials were
checked serologically. Some L. vera mother plants showing leaf
mosaic proved to be infected by AMV. One AMV isolate from
symptomatic mother plants was characterized molecularly and
compared with previously characterized Italian lavender isolates
of the same virus, including an isolate recovered in 2010 from L.
vera cv. None Blue in Emilia-Romagna. Results showed that AMV
isolates from Liguria and Emilia-Romagna belong to subgroup I,
according with restriction profiles of the coat protein gene and
phylogenetic relationships with other AMV isolates of subgroups I
and II. As prevention measure, mother plants could be selected by
periodic visual inspections and serologically tested for AMV presence.
Virus-free shoots used as propagation material and crop rotation
are the most effective type of control.
ATTEMPTS TO CONTROL PSEUDOMONAS VIRIDIFLA-
VA IN RANUNCULUS ASIATICUS. C. Pasini and G. Boeri.
CRA, Unità di Ricerca per la Floricoltura e le Specie Ornamentali,
Corso degli Inglesi 508, 18038 Sanremo (IM), Italy. E-mail: c.pasini@istflori.it
Pseudomonas viridiflava is the prevailing bacterial pathogen in
ranunculus-growing areas of the Italian Riviera, where it can
cause serious damages to commercial flower production. Infections
appear during autumn and winter, and consist of necrotic
spots on leaves and stems. To develop a defence strategy, a series
of trials were undertaken to evaluate the effects against P. viridiflava
of: (i) chemical dressing by immersion of rhizomes in a suspension
of various active ingredients; (ii) dry heat thermotherapy
of dry rhizomes at 60 and 65°C, for different times; (iii) fungicide
sprays with acibenzolar-S-methyl, Bacillus subtilis, dithianon,
harpin protein, phosethyl-Al + copper oxychloride and several
copper salts to ranunculus potted plants grown in a climatic cell
at 15°C, and on cut flowers stored at 6-8°C. Results showed that
thermotherapy inhibited rhizome germination. Dressing with
phosethyl-Al, monopotassic phosphate and copper hydroxide
provided a moderate activity, while several concentrations of ammonium
salts and commercial bleach solutions were phytotoxic.
Sprays with acibenzolar-S-methyl, different copper salts and
phosethyl-Al + copper oxychloride reduced the infection both on
emerged plants or on cut flowers. By applying the biocontrol
agent B. subtilis a partial and inconsistent protective action was
observed.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ENDOPHYTIC STRAINS OF
ALTERNARIA sp. AND VITIS VINIFERA PLANTS. R. Polizzotto,
S. Grisan, R. Osler, R. Musetti. Dipartimento di Biologia e
Protezione delle Piante, Università degli Studi, Via delle Scienze