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$Mt\.lt\.WI SALTSâ¢ - The Cichlid Fishes of Lake Malawi, Africa$

66 Dr. Et,helwynn Trewavas onIn 1927 Ah1 * published descriptions of some new NyasaCichlitlz, part of a large collcction in the Berlin Museum.He has kindly allowed me to examine the typcs of theso inBcrlin. Nichols and LaMonte (Amer. Mus. Novit. no. 451,1931)described two species which they believed to be new, buttheir Haplochromis centropristoides is H. callipterus, and theirH. boultoni is a young specimen of H. czruleus.A revision of the genus Lethrinops, based on the Christycollection, has already been published (Trewavas, Ann. &Mag. Nat. Hist. (10) vii. 1931, p. 133-152). I have nowto add one more species to this genus, and I give a synopsisof the remaining Nyasa genera and of their species.Twenty-three genera are here recognized, of which twentyare endemic and fourteen are monotypic. Of the one hundredand se-venty-five species comprised in these genera, onehr~ndrcd and one belong to the large genus Hapbchromis.IIaplochm~tis cnllipterus is closoly related to Ii. moffati ofSouth Africa; it differs from thc other Nyasa species ofHaplochrmis in having the caudal rounded, and scaled onlyat the base. Of the remaining forms Regan has written -" In the Nyassa species the caudal fin is truncate or emarginate,and appears to be always nearly completely coveredwith small scales in the adult fish ; this feature, the prevalenceof a few distinctive types of coloration, and the absence ofevident relationship to species found elsewhere lead to theconclusion that the Nyassa species are a natural group andmay, perhaps, have evolved in the Iake from a single ancestralform." Even in young fish, although scales may be absentfrom thc central part of the caudal fin, they extend along theuppcr and lower rays ncnrly to the ond.Efforts to divide the Nyasa Haplochromis into smaller generahave been unsatisfactory. On the contrary, it has beennecessary to merge in it three previously recognized genera,as is explained below. It would be possible to take certainextreme forms and to define them as genera, but as thesewould be monotypic the main genus would not be muchdecreased. The guiding principle has been that monotypicgenera have been formed for peculiar species only whenthey are isolated, and have no obvious close relationshipwit,h a more generalized form, whereas a species such asIfaplochrmis melanonotus, which is closely related to H. semipabatus,sp. n., is left wit'hin the genus, even although thismakes its definition more difficult.Full descriptions of all the species have been written,and figures of all the new ones have been prepared, and* .sitzungsbcr. Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin, July 1926 (1927), pp. 51-62.
the Cicl~lid Fishes of Lake Nyasa.will be published when a monograph of the African Ciolilidah
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