READINGS for HS 4476 MEDIEVAL HERETICS AND INQUISITORS

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42 CASE TWENTY-SEVEN 28: 15-19], those sacrileges by which that image was called up are not less to be condemned. Again in the Acts of the Apostles [16: 16-18], although the woman with the Pythonical spirit gave true testimony of the apostles of the Lord, the apostle Paul nevertheless di not spare that spirit, but cleansed the woman by denouncing and driving out the demon. §5. Therefore all arts pertaining to this kind of trifling and noxious superstition, constituted on the basis of a pestiferous association of men and demons through a pact of faithless and deceitful friendship, should be completely repudiated and avoided by the Christian. Also, in the City of God [i.e. Rabanus Maurus, On the Tricks of Magicians]: C. 7. Inquiry into or following of the things requested of diviners or magicians is not life but death. Anyone who wants to have salvation without the Savior or thinks he can become prudent without true wisdom, is not healthy but sick; he is not prudent but stupid, laboring under a grave disease; and stupid and demented he remains in utter blindness. And so every answer and every instruction that he asks from diviners or magicians, or from the demons themselves in this worship, should be called death rather than life. Those who follow them, if they do not reform, are headed for eternal perdition, as the Psalmist says [Ps 95:5]: "All the gods of the gentiles are demons." Through deceived persons they act daily to deceive others that they become sharers in their perdition. And so the vanity of magical arts, derived from the fallen angels grew strong through the whole earth for many centuries. Invented through a certain knowledge of the future and of the underworld and by their own invention, were soothsaying and augury, as well as what are called oracles and necromancy. Also, in Confessions 4.3: C. 8. True Christian piety rejects and condemns horoscopes. Horoscope-casters, who are also called astrologers, are plainly not to be consulted, just as no sacrifices and no prayers are to be offered to any spirit for guidance in divination. So true Christian piety rejects and condemns them. Also, Jerome [i.e. Origen, Sermons on Joshua 5.5]: C. 9. To observe auguries or consult the stars is idolatrous worship. But also add this, that one who fornicates in his body sins, not only against the body alone, which has been made the Temple of God, but also against what is properly that Temple itself, because the whole Church is the body of Christ. And he is seen to violate the body who disfigures the body because the injury to one member is communicated to the whole body. §1. It is an Egyptian abomination if one harms the body, and after crossing the Jordan and
CASE TWENTY-SEVEN 43 after the second circumcision of Baptism, one is drawn back by the intrusion of old usages to observe auguries, to follow the stars, and to predict future events from these and other superstitions of this sort. The mother of idolatry is Egypt, from which it is clear that abominations of this sort germinated. If after the passage of the Jordan, you take up again these things and fall back into their snares, without a doubt you have brought the abominations of Egypt with you. Gratian: Nonetheless these sacrileges ought no to be detested to such an extent that, when something from the threshing-floor or press has been offered to demons, what remains is also thought to be unclean, or so that, if we should happen to eat something that has been offered unknowingly, we therefore believe ourselves to have sinned. Hence Augustine [Letter 47.3], to Publicola: C. 10. So the remainders are not unclean because something from the threshing-floor or press has been given in sacrifice to demons. If something is taken from the thrashing-floor or press to sacrifice to demons, and the Christian knows this, he certainly sins if he allowed this to happen when it was in his power to prevent it. But if he has discovered this to have happened, or had not power to prevent it, he may use the remainder as clean from which those offerings were taken. Also, Ambrose, on 1 Corinthians [10:25-26]: C. 11. He is clean of guilt who buys unknowingly what has been sacrificed to idols. Although something has been polluted by accident through being offered to an idol, nonetheless he who bought it unknowingly should suffer no scruple, before God it is clean. QUESTION THREE AND FOUR Gratian: Those from whom divination took its origin and what are its types, Augustine in On the Nature of Demons [i.e. as adapted by Rabanus Maurus, On the Tricks of Magicians, by way of Isidore, Etymologies 8.9] explains: On the many kinds of divination. C. 1. So it is understood that the types of divination are taken from the Persians. §1. Varro says that there are four kinds of divination, from earth, water, air, and fire; hence he affirms they are called geomancy, hydromancy, aeromancy, and piromancy. §2. Diviners are so called as they are somehow filled with a god. For the simulate that they are filled with the divinity and so project peoples' futures fraudulently by certain tricks. There are
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