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The population movement that has attractedmost attention is the transatlantic trade in Africancaptives. It is now well-known that well over 15million Africans were forcefully transported to theAmericas. But white immigration from Europewas also a vital feature of the Caribbean colonialsystem, which required settlers, managers,artisans and a governing elite. Immediatelybefore and after slavery was abolished, Caribbeanlandholders sought additional labourers fromAfrica, Asia, Europe and North America. After1930, the voluntary migration to and settlement inthe Caribbean of entrepreneurs and professionalsfrom many parts of the world, a large percentageAsian (Chinese and Indian) and Middle Eastern,further cemented our role as a recipient of diversepopulations.But migration is not only confined to the historicalpast. The current pre-occupation with the spateof refugee migration, in particular the migration ofCubans and Haitians to the USA and the Caribbean,the continuing global debates over trans-nationalidentities, human trafficking, new and stringentimmigration rules and the relationship of socalledresident and non-resident aliens to bordersecurity, are all indications that migration does notonly lie at the centre of modernity, but continues tocharacterize the post-modern age.In this post-modern age, however, scholars aremore interested in the human face of migrationrather than in counting people. In fact, for toolong, the study of slavery was dominated by thenumbers game, the futile attempt to count howmany black people were involved in the mafiaor African holocaust. Even the most recentdatabase on the transatlantic trade in Africancaptives is all about numbers: of ships, of voyages;of people; of mortality rate etc. Post-slaverymigration studies were equally preoccupied withquantitative analysis: how many were imported;how many repatriated; how many acreages didthey make productive? What was the male/female ratio? How many re-migrated? How manymerchants and doctors arrived? What percentageof the population are Indians, Chinese, Lebanese,Portuguese, Jews, indigenous peoples? And onand on – counting, counting.Of course statistics are important. They providean idea of the magnitude of population loss or gain,of gender disparities, of changes in residentialpatterns etc. But the history of migration is morethan statistics; and happily the field has changedtake on board social experiences, memories of migration(using oral history to learn about migrants’ experiencesin their own voice); and the socio-economic and politicallegacies of migration – forced and free - especially theissue of “ranking” (scholars urging host societies to treatcultural differences in an egalitarian manner, rather thanhierarchically).Gender and migration is a growing research field, scholarsasking the question: did men and women, boys and girls,experience migration in the same way or differently? Theforthcoming publication Engendering Caribbean History:Cross-Cultural Perspectives, being edited by VereneShepherd, will shed some light on this matter, a wholesection being devoted to “Gender, Migration & Identity.”Verene Shepherd is Professor of Social History,University Director of the Institute for Gender &Development Studies and Host of “Talking History” onNationwide 90 FM.verene.shepherd@uwimona.<strong>edu</strong>.jm36 37
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