Supply-side management - unido

MODULE 13: SUPPLY-SIDE MANAGEMENTpage 13.11. MODULE OBJECTIVES1.1. Module overviewSupply-side management (SSM) refers to actions taken to ensure the generation,transmission and distribution of energy are conducted efficiently. The term isused mainly with reference to electricity but it can also be applied to actions concerningthe supply of other energy resources such as fossil fuels and renewables.For the purpose of discussion in this module, the “supply-side” has been takento include the following activities: Supply and utilization of energy resources—including clean coal technologies,fuel substitution and renewable energy use. Power generation and energy conversion—including operational improvementsin existing plants, upgrading units and cogeneration. Transmission and distribution of electricity—including lines, substations andon-site generation. Transport of fuels—liquid, gaseous and solid fuels.These topics—addressed primarily to electricity—are discussed in this moduleand various means of improving energy efficiency are mentioned. As the moduleis an introduction to the improvement of SSM, detailed technical topics have notbeen included but a number of references are provided to allow the reader toexplore opportunities in greater depth.As well as mentioning the benefits of SSM, a brief review is made of theconstraints and challenges to cost-effective implementation.1.2. Module aimsThe aims of this module are: To introduce the concept of supply-side management, especially as it appliesto electricity systems. To discuss options of supply-side management at each stage of the supplychain, e.g. energy resources used, generating plants, transmission systems,and distribution. This includes topics such as clean coal technologies, fuelsubstitution, cogeneration and decentralized (local) generation.