555-Lippincott's Review for Medical-Surgical Nursing Certification, Fifth Edition-Lippincott-1451

394 ❍ Posttest12. A patient, age 72, has vascular disease. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate? A. Encourage him to avoid caffeine and nicotine. B. Advise him to wear knee-length stockings. C. Instruct him to soak both feet in cool water. D. Caution him not to exercise daily.13. A patient, age 38, has acute bronchitis. The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective airway clearance.After implementing the care plan, the nurse would expect which outcome? A. The patient maintains a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/minute. B. The patient maintains an arterial oxygen saturation of 90%. C. The patient maintains clear breath sounds. D. The patient exhibits increased anxiety.14. A patient, age 27, is admitted with complaints of severe fatigue, muscle weakness, and anorexia. He stateshe is recovering from the flu and has had severe nausea, frequent vomiting, and diarrhea. Blood is drawn forserum electrolyte measurements. Based on the patient’s symptoms, which finding should the nurse expect thelaboratory report to show? A. Below normal calcium level B. Below normal sodium level C. Below normal potassium level D. Above normal calcium level15. The nurse who elicits a positive Chvostek’s sign would suspect that the patient has which condition? A. Hyperkalemia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypercalcemia D. Hypernatremia16. A patient, age 18, develops diabetes insipidus after a severe closed head injury. Which assessment findingswould indicate that he also has hypernatremia? A. Anorexia, muscle cramps, and a serum sodium level greater than 135 mEq/L B. Numbness, muscle cramps, and a positive Trousseau’s sign C. Cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, nausea, and vomiting D. Thirst, dry and swollen tongue, and disorientation17. A patient, age 63, is resuscitated successfully after cardiac arrest. Blood studies show he is acidotic—acommon finding in patients who have suffered cardiac arrest. What is the most likely explanation for the acidicserum pH? A. Decreased tissue perfusion causes lactic acid production. B. The patient typically has an irregular heartbeat. C. The patient was treated inappropriately with sodium bicarbonate. D. Fat-forming ketoacids are broken down.