COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PROTEIN EXTRACTION METHODS FROM FEW LEGUMINOUS SEEDSdid not used rough mechanical lyses anddepended entirely on action <strong>of</strong> chemicals onpowdered seeds. This explains the poorperformance <strong>of</strong> method 3 and also proves that the<strong>extraction</strong> buffer alone is not responsible for theperformance <strong>of</strong> a method but it also dependsupon the cell rupture strategy.same molecular weight and therefore notproducing rare <strong>protein</strong> bands. This can besupported by presence <strong>of</strong> many very thick bandsin method 7. Another negative side <strong>of</strong> method 7is high streaking effect hindering the resolution.PlantB:ProteinisolateMethod7 0.470* 0.590* 0.510* 0.440Table 1: Amount <strong>of</strong> <strong>protein</strong> yield <strong>from</strong> plant seedsunder study using different <strong>methods</strong> (* denotes themaximum <strong>protein</strong> yield)PlantA:Amount <strong>of</strong> <strong>protein</strong> per gram <strong>of</strong> seed (inmg)PisumsativumVignaradiateCicerarientumVignamungoMethod1 0.146 0.173 0.148 0.170Method2 0.200 0.210 0.190 0.230Method3 0.080 0.092 0.060 0.010Method4 0.280 0.360 0.300 0.480*Method5 0.150 0.190 0.270 0.140Method6 0.170 0.140 0.120 0.1801 2 3 4 5 6 7Fig: Protein bands <strong>of</strong> Plant B on SDS PAGE (Proteinextracted by 1-7 different <strong>methods</strong>)PlantC:7 1 2 3 4 5 6Fig: Protein bands <strong>of</strong> Plant A on SDS PAGE (Proteinextracted by 1-7 different <strong>methods</strong>)Another method (method 7) was found to beextracting maximum amount <strong>of</strong> <strong>protein</strong> in most <strong>of</strong>the plants studied was not found to be holdingthat good when studied on SDS PAGE. This canbe explained as the <strong>extraction</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>protein</strong>s with1 2 3 4 5 6 7Fig: Protein bands <strong>of</strong> Plant C on SDS PAGE (Proteinextracted by 1-7 different <strong>methods</strong>)Sanjeev Ranjan, et al. 561
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PROTEIN EXTRACTION METHODS FROM FEW LEGUMINOUS SEEDSPlantD:1 2 3 4 5 6 7Fig: Protein bands <strong>of</strong> Plant D on SDS PAGE (Proteinextracted by 1-7 different <strong>methods</strong>)[IV] CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the method 7 (Naushad et.al, 2010)[15] was determined as the best method for<strong>protein</strong> <strong>extraction</strong> taking into consideration, the<strong>protein</strong> yield and the SDS-PAGE resolution.Although the study was conducted upon a set <strong>of</strong>leguminous plants, a similar result can beexpected for <strong>protein</strong> isolation <strong>from</strong> seeds <strong>of</strong> otherplants.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThe authors acknowledged the support <strong>from</strong> Orange Lifesciences Pvt Ltd, Visakhapatnam for providing the necessaryresearch facilities.REFERENCES:1. Cereletti, P. [1979] The Legume Proteins. Proc.Congr. PPI. 30 May-2 June, Perugia, Italy. Pp. 31-57.2. Summerfield, R.J., and Roberts, E.H. [1985]“Grain Legume Crops”. Collins Pub. London,UK.3. Ghafoor, A. and Z. Ahmad. [2005] Diversity <strong>of</strong>agronomi traits and total seed <strong>protein</strong> in blackgram Vigna mungo (L.) hepper. Acta BiologiaCracoviensia series Botanica, 47: 69-75.4. Ghafoor, A., F.N. Gulbaaz, M. Afzal, M. Ashrafand M. Arshad. [2003] Inter-relationship betweenSDS-PAGE markers and agronomic traits inchickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Pak. J. Bot., 35:613-624.5. Ghafoor, A., Z. Ahmad, A.S. Qureshi and M.Bashir. [2002] Genetic relationship in Vignamungo (L.) Hepper and V. radiata (L.) R. Wilczekbased on morphological traits and SDS- PAGE.Euphytica, 123: 367-378.6. Murphy, R.W., J.W. Sites, D.G. Buth and C.H.Haufler. [1990] Protein I: IsozymeElectrophoresis. In: Molecular Systematics.(Eds.): D.H. Hillis and C. Moritz, pp. 45-126.Sinauer Assoc., Sunderland, MA.7. Khan, M.K. 1990. Production and utility <strong>of</strong>chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Pakistan.Progressive Farming, 10: 28-33.8. Das, S. and K.K. Mukarjee. 1995. Comparativestudy on seed <strong>protein</strong>s <strong>of</strong> Ipomoea. Seed Sci. &Technol., 23: 501-509.9. Ravi M, Geethanjali S, Sameeyafarheen F,Maheswaran M (2003). Molecular marker basedgenetic diversity analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.)using RAPD and SSR markers. Euphytica. 133:243-252.10. Javid, A., A. Ghafoor and R. Anwar. 2004. Seedstorage <strong>protein</strong> electrophoresis in groundnut forevaluating genetic diversity. Pak. J. Bot., 36: 87-96.11. Iqbal, S.H., A. Ghafoor and N. Ayub. 2005.Relationship between SDS-PAGE markers andAscochyta blight in chickpea. Pak. J. Bot., 37: 87-96.12. Miller MK, Schonhorst MH, McDaniel RG.[1972] Identification <strong>of</strong> hybrids <strong>from</strong> alfalfacrosses by electrophoresis <strong>of</strong> single seed <strong>protein</strong>s.Crop Science 12:535–537.13. Hameed A., Shah T. M., Atta B. M., Iqbal N.,Haq M.A., Ali Hina., [2009] Comparative seedstorage <strong>protein</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>iling <strong>of</strong> Kabuli genotypes.Pak. J. Bot., 41(2): 703-710.14. Damania A. B., Porceddu E., Jackson M. T.[1983] A rapid method for the <strong>evaluation</strong> <strong>of</strong>variation in germplasm collection <strong>of</strong> cereals usingSanjeev Ranjan, et al. 562