the effects of trunk scoring and pruning methods on fruit quality of ...

The <strong>effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>trunk</strong> <strong>scoring</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>pruning</strong>……T a b l e 6 . Percentage <strong>of</strong> apple in different coloration classes <strong>of</strong> ‘Jonagold’ (mean2001-2004)Treatment% <strong>of</strong> apple with blush on surface> 75% 50-75% 25-50% < 25%M.26Control 8.6 a* 30.6 ab 35.8 b 25.0 aTrunk <strong>scoring</strong> 23.4 b 24.9 a 28.4 ab 23.3 aTrunk <strong>scoring</strong> +branch breaking21.7 ab 35.2 b 22.4 a 20.7 aBranch breaking 14.5 ab 31.2 ab 27.6 a 26.7 aM.9Control 13. 1 ab 37.9 b 23.6 a 25.4 aTrunk <strong>scoring</strong> 20.6 b 29.1 ab 28.9 ab 21.4 aTrunk <strong>scoring</strong> +branch breaking17.0 b 29.6 ab 26.8 a 26.6 aBranch breaking 19.9 b 25.2 a 26.2 a 28.7 a*For explanation, see Table 1In ‘Jonagold’ on M.26 rootstock, branch breaking increased yield but reducedmean fruit weight (Tab. 2 <strong>and</strong> 4). Trunk <strong>scoring</strong> improved fruit colour (Tab. 6).This agrees well with earlier reports (Poniedziałek et al., 2003; Elfving <strong>and</strong>Lougheed, 1991. According to Gruca et al. (2002), tearing <strong>of</strong>f shoots in <strong>the</strong> upperpart <strong>of</strong> a canopy improved size <strong>and</strong> colour in apples. In this experiment, branchbreaking in <strong>the</strong> centre <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> canopy did not affect fruit colour.REFERENCESElfving D.C., Lougheed E.C. 1991. Daminozide, root <strong>pruning</strong>, <strong>trunk</strong> <strong>scoring</strong>, <strong>and</strong><strong>trunk</strong> ringing <strong>effects</strong> on fruit ripening <strong>and</strong> storage behavior <strong>of</strong> ‘McIntosh’ apple.J. AMER. SOC. HORT. SCI. 116 (2): 195-200.Gruca Z., Szklarz M., Kantorowicz-Bąk M. 2002. Wpływ dwóch sposobów usuwaniagałęzi w koronie wrzecionowej na wzrost drzew jabłoni, plonowanie i jakośćowoców. ZESZ. NAUK. INST.SADOW.KWIAC. 10. 83-88.Kołodziejczak P. 2000. Prowadzenie drzew jabłoni w intensywnych sadach.OGRODNICTWO 2: 10-15.Mika A. 2002. Zmiany w formowaniu i cięciu drzew owocowych. OGRODNICTWO 1:11-14.Poniedziałek W., GąstołM., Bieniasz M. 2000. Effect <strong>of</strong> heading summer sprouts on<strong>the</strong> growth <strong>and</strong> fruiting <strong>of</strong> apple trees. FOLIA HORT. 12 (1): 3-10.Poniedziałek W., Porębski S., Rzeźnicka B. 2003. Wpływ nacinania pni, cięciakorzeni oraz podwójnego pnia na wzrost i plonowanie jabłoni. FOLIA HORT.Suplement 2: 162 -164.Wer<strong>the</strong>im S.J., Wagenmarkers P.S., Bootsma J., Groot M.J. 2001. Orchard system forapple <strong>and</strong> pear. ACTA HORT. 557: 209-227.J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. vol. 14 (Suppl. 2), 2006: 177-182 181