New Zeal<strong>and</strong> on FilmThe American Film Institute has described the New Zeal<strong>and</strong> film industry’s growth as “one of thewonders of the world”. New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Film Commission CEO Ruth Harley is pleased with progress.By Chanel HughesNew Zeal<strong>and</strong> film has undergone anastonishing revolution in the pastsix years. Not only has it enjoyedan unprecedented success on theinternational scene, with more Oscarsthan we can shake a stick at, but asteady stream of quality local movies isproducing a never before seen box-officecontinuity that has audiences clamouringfor more.In the past 12 months alone theproduction of New Zeal<strong>and</strong> films has beenexceptional. Following hot on the heelsof Peter Jackson’s <strong>and</strong> Andrew Adamson’sDecember 2005 blockbusters King Kong<strong>and</strong> The Chronicles of Narnia: the Lion, theWitch <strong>and</strong> the Wardrobe were The World’sFastest Indian, River Queen, No.2 <strong>and</strong> Sione’sWedding — high-quality New Zeal<strong>and</strong> filmstelling New Zeal<strong>and</strong> stories.The World’s Fastest Indian grossed $7million in box office sales, holding itsnumber one position for six weeks,which was previously unheard of for adomestic film.Glowing with pride at this renaissance ofNew Zeal<strong>and</strong> cinema is Canterbury alumnaDr Ruth Harley, Chief Executive of theNew Zeal<strong>and</strong> Film Commission (NZFC),whose nine-year tenure has prepared arich ground for the industry’s continuingnourishment.Since she joined the organisation in 1997,Harley has dramatically reshaped the FilmCommission’s vision <strong>and</strong> significantlyincreased the number of films in which thecommission invests.“When I started there were quite a fewthings I thought the Film Commissioncould do better. The organisation was veryrun-down financially <strong>and</strong> had received verylittle government funding for a long time.“Another thing I thought we needed tochange was the relationship betweenfilmmakers <strong>and</strong> distributors <strong>and</strong> thefocus on marketing, which had been poor.With my television background, I wasvery used to the idea that a project wasdeveloped for an audience. It’s importantto ask, who is this film for <strong>and</strong> how do wemarket to them?”Harley implemented a much strongerbusiness affairs capability in theorganisation <strong>and</strong> set about consciouslyestablishing a closer relationship with NewZeal<strong>and</strong>’s overseas filmmakers.Most significantly, Harley <strong>and</strong> her teamimplemented the Film Fund, which PrimeMinister Helen Clark agreed to in 2000,resulting in an instant $22 million cashinjection. Whale Rider, Perfect Strangers,River Queen, The World’s Fastest Indian <strong>and</strong>Perfect Creature have been the primarybeneficiaries of this, showing high returnon investment in terms of raising theprofile of New Zeal<strong>and</strong> film. Whale Riderwas the most successful independent filmof 2003, <strong>and</strong> Harley says both it <strong>and</strong> TheWorld’s Fastest Indian will be two of themost successful domestic films of all time.Peter Jackson’s phenomenal success withthe Lord of the Rings trilogy, which earned13 Academy Award nominations <strong>and</strong>four BAFTA awards, lifted the entire NewZeal<strong>and</strong> film scene beyond the industry’swildest dreams. Harley has successfullymanoeuvred the NZFC into a position to beable to maximise the flow-on benefits fromthis, of which one of the most valuable isprobably the new sense of optimism amongNew Zeal<strong>and</strong> filmmakers.“The scale of ambition has grownenormously, <strong>and</strong> that’s very largely to dowith Peter’s success. People now feel freeto stay in New Zeal<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> imagine makingfilms on any scale they like. Previouslythey would have been absolutely certainthat they needed to go to Hollywood orLondon.”Established in 1978 by an act of the NewZeal<strong>and</strong> Parliament, the NZFC has thestatutory responsibility “to encourage<strong>and</strong> participate <strong>and</strong> assist in the making,promotion, distribution <strong>and</strong> exhibitionof films” made in New Zeal<strong>and</strong> by NewZeal<strong>and</strong>ers on New Zeal<strong>and</strong> subjects.It does this in four ways: by providing loans<strong>and</strong> equity financing to filmmakers; byactively assisting with the sales <strong>and</strong>marketing of New Zeal<strong>and</strong> films through itssales agency, NZ Film; by facilitatingtraining <strong>and</strong> professional development26 Canterbury Magazine
within the industry; <strong>and</strong> by supportingfestival <strong>and</strong> awards programmes, torecognise excellence <strong>and</strong> rewardachievement. All these initiativesencourage growth.Harley says the professional developmentinitiatives fall into two broad categories.“One relates to our slate of projects, <strong>and</strong>we usually generate those initiativesourselves <strong>and</strong> run them in a very h<strong>and</strong>sonway. The second category is for moregeneral industry development, for lessexperienced filmmakers. We usually dothose in association with the likes of theNew Zeal<strong>and</strong> Writers Guild, Script to Screen,the Screen Directors Guild or SPADA [ScreenProduction <strong>and</strong> <strong>Development</strong> Association],<strong>and</strong> they are more broad-based initiatives.”Part of this involves forging closerrelationships with New Zeal<strong>and</strong> filmmakerswho are offshore. “We work very hard onthose relationships to encourage theirinvolvement in a professional developmentor mentoring capacity, <strong>and</strong> to encouragethem to make their films here.”The funding takes a two-prongedapproach that both fosters first-timedirectors <strong>and</strong> supports experiencedfilmmakers, <strong>and</strong> is treated as investmentrather than grant funding.The NZFC puts in significant work over abroad range of film projects. “We currentlyhave an active slate of 70 projects,excluding offshore features <strong>and</strong> slates runby independent producers,” Harley says.Only a slim 10 per cent of those, however,will make it to feature film.“And just over 10 per cent of those willbe successful,” she says. “That’s a slightunderstatement at the moment, as we’reexperiencing higher growth than that, butit’s a tough game.”It’s a long-term investment though, asdemonstrated by Jackson, who Harleysays has probably been the mostsupported filmmaker in the history ofthe Film Commission.Of the 236 feature films made in NewZeal<strong>and</strong> since 1939, the NZFC has investedin 118 of them, of which 46 have beenduring Harley’s tenure.The busy phase continues with Out ofthe Blue (the retelling of the Aramoanamassacre) <strong>and</strong> the comedy horror BlackSheep enjoying world premieres at theToronto International Film Festival inSeptember. The Ferryman, The Tattooist<strong>and</strong> Eagle vs Shark are also due for releasewithin the next 12 months.Each of these films tells a uniquelyAntipodean tale, a feature that has nowbecome a market strength in the industryrather than a disadvantage.New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Film Commission Chief Executive Dr Ruth Harley is proud of the renaissance of New Zela<strong>and</strong> cinema.“New Zeal<strong>and</strong> content is a strong criterionfor [NZFC support], both because of theresult it produces, of telling our stories onscreen, but also because of the marketingedge it gives us. They are unique in a veryovercrowded market.”Harley has been “telling our stories”almost since her career began. She sether course in the arts world from a youngage, studying English literature at theUniversity of Canterbury before travellingfirst to the UK <strong>and</strong> then to Egypt for ayear, where she taught English as a secondlanguage in Cairo. This was followed bya brief stint in an English comprehensiveschool in London.Returning to New Zeal<strong>and</strong>, Harleycontinued her studies with an MA inEnglish literature <strong>and</strong> film at Auckl<strong>and</strong>University, <strong>and</strong> a PhD on politics <strong>and</strong> publicthemes in New Zeal<strong>and</strong> literature between1930 <strong>and</strong> 1950. She worked as a temporaryassistant junior lecturer at Auckl<strong>and</strong>, alsoteaching film in the university’s continuingeducation programme, before joining theQueen Elizabeth II Arts Council in 1979.Harley spent six years with the ArtsCouncil, first as an advisory officerthen as chief advisory officer, beforemoving to TVNZ as its first programmecommissioning editor, in which role shebrought to air such classic Kiwi staples asthe Topp Twins’ first television special.When New Zeal<strong>and</strong> On Air was created in1989, Harley was recruited as its first chiefexecutive, with responsibility for setting upthe procedures <strong>and</strong> processes for fundingNew Zeal<strong>and</strong>-made television productions.She held this role for six years before beingrecruited by Saatchi & Saatchi in Wellingtonas the firm’s national media director, whereshe remained until joining the NZFC.The year before she took up the role withthe NZFC, Harley was made an Officer of theOrder of the British Empire in recognitionof her exceptional commitment tobroadcasting <strong>and</strong> the arts in New Zeal<strong>and</strong>.She was made a Companion of the NewZeal<strong>and</strong> Order of Merit for services to filmin 2006.Harley is succinct in summarising herattraction to the arts, though it clearlydefines a lifetime passion. “I like thetruths that are told in the realm of theimagination.”She will concede, though modestly, that theburgeoning success of New Zeal<strong>and</strong> film inrecent years has contributed to a growingsense of national identity.“I think the success of our film industryat the highest levels has led to a sense ofpride, a sense of achievement <strong>and</strong> a sense ofambition, in the same way as New Zeal<strong>and</strong>’ssuccess with the America’s Cup did. In thatrespect, I think it absolutely contributes toa growing sense of confident identity.”Summer 2006 27