Phylum Chordata - Chordates Internal skeleton with muscle ...

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Therapsids - Mammal-like reptileshad higher food intake, and probably had higher metabolic ratespeculated that these were the first endothermic (“warmblooded”)vertebrates - likely evolved in cooler climatedominant terrestrial vertebrates for 20 million yearsTherapsids were the ancestors of mammalsReplaced by Thecodont reptiles - a different lineageThey may havehad hair, liketheir mammaldescendantsThecodonts - greater energy efficiencyWere “cold-blooded” ectotherms like amphibians and early reptilesenvironmental change resulted in warmer temperaturesendothermy requires less energy intake for body maintenanceHad an improved skull - diapsid -Diapsid reptiles, had two pairs of temporal holes in skullFirst land vertebrates to walk on hind limbs onlyDominant for 15 myReplaced by their directdescendants, Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs - greater agilityLegs positioned directly underneath body - allowed larger bodyEnabled running <strong>with</strong> speed and agilityDominated land for 150 million yearsWent extinct 65 million years ago - likely due to asteroid impactOverview of the evolution of “amniotes” - reptiles, birds,mammals, and their ancestors
Page 4 and 5: The defining chordate characteristi
Page 6 and 7: The vertebrates are composed of eig
Page 9 and 10: Sharks became dominant predators ab
Page 11 and 12: Class Amphibia - Amphibiansincludes
Page 13 and 14: Modern AmphibiansOrder Anura - frog
Page 15: Dry skin with scales or armor reduc
Page 19 and 20: Other Important Characteristics of
Page 21 and 22: Class Aves - BirdsMost successful o
Page 23 and 24: Efficient circulationHas four-chamb
Page 25 and 26: Characteristics of Modern MammalsEn
Page 27 and 28: Hooves, Horns, and Antlersclaws, fi
Page 29: Placental mammalsHave well-develope

Phylum Chordata - Chordates Internal skeleton with muscle ...

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