: report1918The eyes and ears of Kandahar Airfield/ Report Jozef ŽIAK/ Photo Peter DOVINAIn this period, Kandahar Airfield (KAF), NATO’s largest coalition base inAfghanistan, witnessed the construction works to build a new mainentry/exit point, KAF-ECP-5. Upon its completion, Slovak sentries assumedresponsibility for standing guard at the entry /exit point. Their deployment toAfghanistan was approved in 2009 by the Slovak Government and the NationalCouncil as part of a plan to increase Slovakia’s contribution to NATO-led ISAF.Providing security for coalition troopsThe officer in charge of the exercise’s preparation and supervision, Maj.Peter Ševčík, says that nothing is left to chance. There are difficult andresponsible tasks ahead of our soldiers. They will be the “eyes and ears’ thatwill make sure that tens of thousands of coalition troops are properlyprotected against suicide bombers or vehicles trying to get inside the base.“The final exercise was aimed at unit members mastering critical skills andtasks essential to the success of their force protection and security guardduties. Our soldiers will be on duty continuously, 24/7, working on three-shiftwork schedule, each lasting twelve hours. They must be able to defend andprotect the assigned positions and facilities, and thoroughly check theincoming and outgoing individuals and vehicles. Each day they will have tocheck hundreds of people and a large number of vehicles. It will bephysically and mentally demanding.““I am satisfied with the results achieved by members of the Prešov-basedReconnaissance Company and Nitra-based Mechanised Battalion. But most ofall, I am pleased that they carry out their tasks with complete dedication andcommitment,“ said Maj. Ševčík, G-2 Chief of Staff, Mechanised BrigadeCommand Prešov.Between the end of January and 17 February, the Lešť Military Training Area(MTA) hosted a final training exercise of the new force protection unit to reinforcethe Slovak contingent in ISAF, Afghanistan. The pre-deployment trainingphase culminated with a tactical exercise and combat firing on 11-17 February.Focused on gaining mastery of weaponsDuring the pre-deployment training phase, soldiers gained perfect masteryof the weapons (machine guns, sniper rifles and grenade launchers) theywill use in Afghanistan. Capt. Tibor Grigerek, company commander, remarksthat training includes shooting in pairs on the move going forward, groupshooting, close contact shooting drill, shooting at rapidly approachingtargets.Staff Sergeant Ján Králik, sentry guard squad leader, from the Prešov-basedReconnaissance Company has participated twice in UNDOF in the GolanHeights. “None of the guys in my squad has ever been to Afghanistan. Weknow that it will be a challenge. That is why we tried to prepare as best as wecould. First, we focused on the individual details of our activity, searchingpersons and vehicles. Later on, we integrated partial tasks into more complexones, providing coordinated control and protection of the entry/exit point.““I am satisfied with the level of readiness of my team. The great advantageis that we will operate as an organic parent unit in Kandahar. This has provedto be hugely advantageous in operations like ISAF. We know one anotherquite well and so we can anticipate what the others will do in stressful andattention-demanding situations. Those situations will certainly occur inAfghanistan,“ said the squad leader.At a checkpoint Corporals Peter Mitana and Jozef Verešpej first practisedconducting initial personal checks. Their task was to check people out forcriminal record, comparing them against the list of dangerous and wantedpersons on a photo bulletin board; then they searched persons carefully fordrugs, weapons and explosives.The exercising troops were praised for achieving great results and carryingout their tasks with dedication and commitment by the Prešov-based MechanisedBrigade Deputy Commander, Brig. Jaroslav Košuda, GS. He congratulatedthem on translating the latest lessons learned from ISAF into practice.Lešť turns into KandaharOver the course of the tactical exercise,exercising troops had to deal with avariety of incidents that typically occur atthe entry control point at Kandaharairfield. Maj. Ševčík notes that emphasiswas mainly laid on the activitiesconducted by NCOs and squad leaders inpositions of authority, as these ensurethat soldiers are doing their job, and thisis just how things are done on the base.“A Military Police unit had served at KandaharAirfield and returned from Afghanistan,in December 2009, so we couldtake full advantage of their experience.As instructors they were very helpful inour garrison training facilities.“To give soldiers a better idea what toexpect, based on the informationavailable from Afghanistan, we have builta reduced-size copy of ECP-5 in Sector ŠimakovLaz of MTA Lešť.“ Capt. Marcel Trojan,second-in-command of the exercise,who had recently served as the Prešov-basedReconnaissance Company Commander,came up with critical incidentscenarios. For airfield security guardssearching persons and vehicles in twelve-hour shifts, he had prepared manifoldsurprises to bring diversity into their activities, for instance, simulating anattempt to smuggle drugs and arms into the base, staging a direct assault ona patrol, or using counterfeit documents and entry cards as authorisation toenter the base. Also, a suicide car-bomber blew up his car right among soldiersconducting personal checks. Immediately after the explosion, militarypolicemen, EOD and medical teams were called in to assist. The medics renderedfirst aid on the spot and rushed the wounded to a medical facility.1st Lt. Martin Špirka, the 2nd Guard Platoon Commander from Nitra, saysthat soldiers now pay far more attention to medical training than they used toin the past. This is due to the dangerous nature of ISAF. “The media coverageof Afghanistan’s security situation is closely followed by soldiers and their familieswho are increasingly aware that it is necessary to provide timely first aid(self-aid and buddy-aid) and that the lives of many may depend on howsoldiers handle the situation. They understand the purpose of this highlydemanding training,“ remarks the platoon commander.Sergeant First Class TomášIn the words of Maj. Peter Ševčík, the officer responsible formanaging the final tactical exercise and combat shooting atMTA Lešť, both the training programme and the exercise werefocused on mastering the skills which are so vital for successfulperformance of guard duties at Kandahar Airfield (KAF).“They check, control and monitor the persons and equipmententering and leaving the base. This includes frisking persons,searching vehicles and surveying the surroundings from watchtowers.To do this efficiently, they must be fully committed to theirmission and be skilful in using their weapons. Even if a criticalincident occurs, they must be able to carry out their guard dutiescontinuously and defend their assigned positions and facilities untilthe arrival of the Quick Response Team (QRT).““We also focused on handling basic communication. Reports arefilled out and communicated in English to supervisors at theoperational level. Basic radio communication is also conducted inEnglish. Furthermore, soldiers learn the basics of the Pashtolanguage. In cooperation with a Pashto language interpreter, wemake sure that warning signals are clearly communicated and thatcountermeasures against mortar and rocket attacks, suicide bombings,and other assaults on the base are properly executed. Last butnot least, first aid, self-aid/buddy-aid, must be given in a timelymanner in accordance with effective first aid principles,“ said Maj.Ševčík, summarizing the key points of the pre-deployment training.Focus on trainingDemeter notes that roughly halfthe platoon members havetheir own experience frominternational missions and operations.According to him, CorporalLadislav Lehocký who haspreviously served in UNPROFORand UNMEE is one of the mostexperienced men of all. Throughoutthe strenuous training,they could, in taking appropriatesteps, often draw on his lifeand professional experience.As the oldest of the platoonmembers he always managedto calm down soldiers and washelpful to his younger and lessexperienced colleagues.Former rivals nowteammatesTo keep soldiers alert andvigilant at the sentry guardposts, it is high time for amortar attack to take place.All guards must quickly takeshelter. However, the watchtowerguards, provided with ballistic protection, are the only ones to stay inorder to carefully monitor the situation. Later on, the job of the guards wasinterrupted by sniper fire and a terrorist unit launching an assault on the base.Of course, this caused more physical and mental strain on soldiers.1st Lt. Viliam Jašo, Company Second-in-Command of the Nitra-based MechanisedBattalion, appreciates the approach to training adopted by the squadleaders Sgt. Pavol Mráz and Sgt. Peter Drevenák, and that of Peter Zeleňák,a gunner-operator. Their reconnaissance team and a Mechanised Battalionteam are now carrying out duties side by side. Former rivals now teammatesexcelling in different skills, they complement each other. Throughout theexercise, they managed to work together as a well-integrated andcoordinated team.SLOVAK ARMED FORCES 2010
: report21Encounterwith cruelty,dust and hope/ Report and photo Jozef ŽIAKThere was a deafening explosion. Staff Sergeant Martin Bodnárik, ForceProtection Team Commander, identified the place of explosion as thenearby settlement of Bazar. It turned out later that a suicide bomber hadblown himself up, causing numerous deaths and scores of injuries...ratures below zero when the surrounding hills were covered withsnow. They were exposed to heavy showers, hailing, strong winds,and were even caught in a desert storm. Differences between dayand night temperatures often reached more than 20° C. Now inspring, the shade temperatures during the day have exceeded 30° C,which puts added strain on a body system. Nevertheless, our troopscontinued to perform all the tasksCamp Hadrian is in Oruzgan province. Occupyinga total area of 12,640 square kilometres, theprovince is mountainous and rather sparselypopulated (with only some 320,000 inhabitants).The camp is approximately 400 km south-west of theAfghan capital – Kabul. Situated at an altitude of over1,100 metres above sea level and surrounded bymountains, troops from the Netherlands, France andSlovakia live and work side by side in the camp.Camp Hadrian is located in the valley of theHelmand River. It supplies local people with enoughwater, which is in stark contrast to many otherregions in Afghanistan. For this reason, the valley isoften referred to as the “Green Valley“. Thanks to thehelp of the multinational Provincial ReconstructionTeams (PRTs), many petrol stations and schools haveassigned. Let me mention two of thehottest bits that made me particularlyproud of their performance. First, it wasduring suicide bomb attacks in a nearbyBazar settlement when hoards of thewounded were carried to the gate.By then, the soldiers had never seenbodies mangled and torn to shreds,bleeding children that would moan andscream in pain. In spite of this, oursoldiers proved to be true professionals.When it was over and all the emergencyadmissions were taken care of, theCommander of Camp Hadrian personallythanked me for an excellent andprofessional conduct of the Slovaksoldiers. Second, it was short beforethe end of our operational tour. TheDutch Commander, Major Hans vanHaas said that over the whole period ofour deployment he had felt he could go to bed in the evening withoutbeing concerned about the security of the Dutch and French troops inthe Camp, knowing that the Slovak soldiers would at all times reliablyperform their tasks of force protection. For me and my men that wasthe best acknowledgement we could ever receive“ – with emotion inhis voice concludes the Commander of the Slovak Force ProtectionUnit in Deh Rawood, Lieutenant Slavomír Káčer.been recently built, roads repaired, and infrastructuredevelopment projects launched, boosting growth andliving standards for local populations.A good reason to be proudOver the past years, Lt. Káčer, together with other commanders,took his share in making up a core of the 2nd Mechanized Company.Camp Hadrian Force Protection Unit was mostly made up of themembers of this Company. According to him, it was only beneficialthat they had known each other from the times of joint training andCamp Hadrianexercises in the training areas andfacilities. However, they wouldreally get to know each other onlyduring the six months when theylived together in a rather smallarea of a multinational base morethan four thousand kilometersaway from home, performing theirtasks together.At the end of our Force ProtectionUnit’s operation in Camp Hadrian,the Commander of the BaseMajor Hans van Haas awarded itsmembers with the Non Article 5NATO Medals. In Camp Hadrian,the Unit under the command of Lt.Slavomír Káčer leaves behind acommemorative plaque made by asniper Private First Class GabrielKováč. This was added to the plaquesthat had been left on thewalls of accommodation facilities and other premises by individualrotations of the Dutch and French soldiers, one Czech and now altogethertwo Slovak units. The operational task in Deh Rawood was takenover by the Force Protection Unit under the command of FirstLieutenant Matej Mikuláš. Predominantly it is made up of the troopsof the Michalovce Mechanized Battalion and the members of theother units of the Prešov Brigade.SLOVAK ARMED FORCES 201020n a short time, the wounded were carried into the Dutch Field Dressing“IStation based in our Camp. Soon, people waiting in front of the basewere counting in tens, later even in hundreds. Mostly they were relatives of thewounded, and they all demanded their relatives be expeditiously treated. Wehad to follow security procedures, though, and search each of the wounded fora gun. The wounded would scream in pain, their wounds being horrible, someof the bodies torn apart, and the relatives accompanying them would screamhysterically from behind the gate,“ Staff Sergeant Martin Bodnárik, Commanderof Force Protection Team, recalls the harrowing Afghan experience.Staff Sergeant Bodnárik, who, according to the Platoon Commander, LieutenantSlavomír Káčer, was the best commander of the team, adds: “We had beenwarned that Taliban supporters would often exploit a similar situation and strapexplosives to the bodies of the wounded, and after these were carriedinto the camp, the explosives were remotely detonated. We could notafford the risk this situation would present to the Dutch medicalpersonnel and to the other people on the base, so we just set our teethon edge and took to search even the mangled bodies of childrencovered in blood and moaning with pain.“The school of hard knocksAlthough he had served in the UN peacekeeping mission in Cyprusbefore, he points out that for him and his subordinated troops the pastmonths were quite an experience. “We were given a chance to contributeto enhance security environment. Meeting the local population, wewere faced with a completely different culture and mentality. People inEurope and the Afghan people have different value systems, and for usthe traditional values held in Afghanistan are often beyond allunderstanding. Women are on the lower end of the value scale…”Another member of the Slovak contingent, Corporal Tomáš Šamudovský,serving as a gun operator, recalls that in the evening of the very firstday after their arrival into the camp, a vehicle of the Dutch patrol rolledover an IED. The vehicle was demolished and the soldiers were wounded. Thiswas his first confrontation with the Afghan reality, which he had known onlyfrom TV news by then.A big thank you to Slovak soldiers!“Our soldiers are charged with the task of force protection, including the protectionof the Camp. They serve sentry duty in two watch towers, on the forwardsentry post as well as on the Java observation post situated off the Base, on theabove hill, being relieved only after 24 hrs. The long six months of performingsuch a challenging task were extremely demanding in terms of physical andmental strength. The troops operated in an environment characterized by climaticfluctuations. During the six months they experienced winter with the tempe-A new ECP opens at Kandahar AirfieldEntry Control Point 5 (ECP 5) was turned over to Slovak guardsmen during a ribbon-cutting ceremony onKandahar Airfield (KAF) on 19 September 2010.The official opening ceremony for the new ECP 5 was held on Sunday, 19 September, and was attended byColonel Henk Bank (the Netherlands), Chief of Staff for Commander Kandahar Airfield (COMKAF), representativesof KAF Command, and Slovak officers, including SLOVCON Commander Lt. Col. Marián Mjartan,Slovak Guard Unit Commander Capt. Tibor Grigerek, and commanding officers (COs) from the SlovakGuard Unit and the Slovak Engineer Company.Coordinated by the Afghanistan Engineer District South (AES), the participation of the Slovak EngineerCompany in the construction of ECP 5 was significant insofar as it decisively contributed to the completion ofthe entry control point, especially in the final phase of construction work. The ECP 5 project will support theoperating ability of KAF and enhance delivery of supplies and materials.ECP 5 is manned by Slovak guardsmen doing entry-control-point duty. After increasing its manning levelsin the September 2010 rotation, the Slovak Guard Unit’s new tasks now also include conducting mobile perimeterpatrols while using vehicles with improved ballistic protection, which greatly increases crew safety, especiallyin the case of ground attacks on the base.