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GCSE Schools History ProjectEnquiry in Depth: Germany, 1919–45for his ideas and, more importantly, he decided the Nazis would have to participate in the democraticprocess and gain power legally. So in the long term, Hitler benefited from the failed putsch.Question 5Answers may include any three from the following:• The Aryan race (white northern Europeans) was a ‘master race’. Other races, especially theJews, were inferior.• The Treaty of Versailles should be abolished.• All German-speaking people should be united and Germany’s military strength rebuilt.• Extra living space was needed for Germany’s future expansion and this would be found inPoland and Russia.• Democracy was weak and Germany needed a strong central government under one strongleader, a Führer to whom total loyalty would be required.Question 6The period from 1924 to 1928 was one of economic recovery. Things were going well for most peopleand living standards were rising. There was therefore less interest in extremist parties. The NaziParty had almost collapsed after 1923 and Hitler was rebuilding it.Question 7DateOctober 1929October 1929July 1930May 1932July 1932November 1932January 1933EventStresemann diedThe Wall Street Crash started the DepressionHindenburg began to ‘rule by decree’Brüning was dismissed as chancellorThe Nazis won 230 seats in the ReichstagThe Nazis won 196 seats in the ReichstagHitler was made chancellor of GermanyQuestion 8The ‘Brownshirts’ was the name given to the SA because of the colour of their uniform. This organisationwas created in 1921 as a kind of private army. In the elections of 1930–33 they disrupted themeetings of Socialists and Communists, making it difficult for those parties to campaign effectively.Question 9Millions became unemployedbetween 1929 and 1933.This helped Hitler becausepeople were becoming moredesperate and more ready tobelieve Nazi promises of ‘workand bread’. Because of the risingcost of unemployment benefit,the government was forced toreduce benefit payments. Thismade it even more unpopular.Support for the Communistsgrew from 1929 to 1933.This helped Hitler because manypeople were more afraid of thethreat of a Communist revolutionthan of Hitler, who promised todestroy communism in Germany.Many rich industrialists gavemoney to the Nazi Party and thishelped fund its electioncampaigns from 1930 to 1933.The democratic parties failedto work together to find asolution to the unemploymentcrisis.This helped Hitler because itmade the parties look weak anduseless and undermined faith inthe democratic system. Hitlerseemed to offer strongleadership.6
Student Workbook Teacher NotesHitler had many political skills.This helped Hitler because hewas able to win over manysupporters through his powerfulpublic speaking and his ability toput over simple policies whichappealed to all sections ofGerman society.Von Papen and otherpoliticians thought they couldcontrol Hitler.This helped Hitler because theNazis never achieved a majorityof seats in the Reichstag, soHitler had no automatic right tobecome chancellor. Von Papenand others underestimated Hitlerand persuaded Hindenburg toappoint him in January 1933,even though Hindenburg did notreally like Hitler.The Weimar Republic waslinked to the hated Treaty ofVersailles.This helped Hitler because manyGermans had never felt loyaltytowards the Weimar Republicsince it had been created in1919. Hitler promised to putright the wrongs Germany hadsuffered through the Treaty ofVersailles and this won him a lotof support.Question 10Level 1: a simple answer describing details in the source.Level 2: a simple inference drawn from the source and supported by reference to details in it, e.g.‘Hitler was a good public speaker and won over voters with powerful speeches.’Level 3: a more complex inference is drawn, e.g. ‘Hitler won over lots of voters by appealing to theiremotions rather than presenting logical arguments. The author also uses words such as “gospel”and “sacred truth”, making Hitler sound like a religious leader. This makes it easier to understandwhy people were willing to follow him.’Question 11Level 1: a simple answer describing what the source shows.Level 2: an inference drawn from and supported by reference to the source, e.g. ‘Source B is usefulbecause it shows a link between unemployment and the popularity of the Nazis. As unemploymentrose, more people voted for them.’Level 3: in addition, contextual knowledge is used to explain how the source is useful or not useful,e.g. ‘Source B shows just one reason but there were other reasons why the Nazis grew morepopular. They had effective campaigns such as “Hitler over Germany” which impressed voters, sothe source does not give a full picture.’Level 4: a balanced answer using contextual knowledge to show how the source is useful in someways but not in others.Question 12Level 1: a simple answer describing details in the source.Level 2: agrees or disagrees with the interpretation and supports this with reference to details inthe source, references to Sources A and B or contextual knowledge. Either: ‘I agree with the viewin the source because the Nazis never achieved a majority in the Reichstag and their support evenfell in the November 1932 election. Hitler only got into power because von Papen persuaded Hindenburgto appoint him, thinking Hitler could be kept under control.’ Or: ‘Hitler’s political skills, growingunemployment and fear of communism were all much more important in helping Hitler come topower, so I don’t agree with the view in Source C.’Level 3: considers points of agreement and disagreement and supports each side of the argumentwith reference to the other sources or contextual knowledge, e.g. both L3 responses.Question 13Level 1: a simple, generalised answer making no use of the sources and showing no specificknowledge.Level 2: an answer based solely on the sources.GCSE Schools History Project Enquiry in Depth: Germany, 1919–457
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GCSE Schools History Project Enquiry in Depth - Hodder Plus Home

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