Farming System Approach to Improve IUE, Employment and Income ...

watermelon, cucumber, bitter gourd, andbottle gourd etc , were grown in theRabi season. Fodder crop was grown tosupply greens to the dairy. Banana,mango, ber, lemon and yam had beenplanted around the pond to utilize all theavailable space. An ornamental unit wasdeveloped in front of the farm house toprovide the mental food. The area allottedto different components of the farm ismentioned in Table 1.The income generated has beenindicated in the Table 2.The data mentioned in Table 2 indicatethat a net profit of Rs 58367.00 could begenerated from Farming SystemApproach in a Research Farm (RF) (1). Itwould be worth while to examine if theFSA is employed in farmer’s field. Astudy was, therefore, conducted in thefarm of a marginal farmer, Minati Behera,in Banshipatna village of Bhadrak districtof Orissa (2).Area allocation to differentcomponent in farming system has beenmentioned in Table 3.The Economies of the (IFS) IntegratedFarming System has been mentioned inTable 4.The data on the economics of IFSindicated that agroforestry and pomologyunit yielded the maximum return of Rs 5.60and Rs 4.90/Re invested, respectivelyfollowed by vegetables farming (Rs3.79/Re) Rice (low land rice) yield being thelowest. Return from fishery was also low.It might be due to local fish culture, notthe composite culture (2).It is interesting to note that the overallsuccess with respect to economics andemployment generation from the systemwas quite high. About an acre areagenerated a net return of Rs 47,825 withan investment of Rs 18,515 and alsoemployment generation of 248 mandays.Manure generated from dairy unit betterulitised by vegetables. Likewise ricegenerated straw which was used by thedairy unit Thus, the synergy amongTable 1 – Area allocation to different components in FSR unit atCRS, OUAT, BhubaneshwarParticular Area (sq. m) PercentageFarm house 100Threshing floor 300 2.30Cattle shed &apiary 36Biogas plant 12Pisciculture 3128 15.6(duckery, poultry)Floriculture 500 2.5Multistoried 2080 10.4croppingsLow land crop 3200 16.0Upland crop 2550 12.80Mushroom, agroforestry,Forage unit, compost pit, 7674 38.4Irrigation, drainage etc.Total 20,000 100Table 2 – Income generated by the different componentsS.No Component Total Total Gross Net Return/Rs.labour cost (Rs.) returns (Rs.) returns (Rs.) invested(Mandays)(Rs.)1 Field crop (rice, 98.2 3315 8954 5638 2.70maize, rice bean)2 Multistoried 87.0 3831 12920 9089 3.37cropping (Coconut,ginger, turmeric, pine apple)3 Banana, papaya 18.4 900 2366 1466 2.634 Vegetables 96.4 3812 12114 8310 3.18(brinjal, okra, potato,tomato etc)5 Floriculture 4.0 125 225 100 1.86 Fishery (multi layer) 31.0 3722 20326 16603 5.467 Poultry 23.0 9240 10221 981 1.118 Duckery 23.0 5387 6100 713 1.139 Mushroom 180.0 18184 31040 12856 1.7010 Apiary 1.0 170 1350 1180 7.9111 Biogas 11 600 2031 1431 3.33Total 573 49286 107645 58367 2.18Source : (1)7FERTILISER MARKETING NEWS • May 2010