Enhanced Performance and Global Reachability Of Manet Nodes ...

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for the MANET. Once the authentication and authorization aresuccessful, the accounting is begun to track the MANET.F. Test and AnalysisThe proposed architecture is simulated using NS2. Theresults and analysis discussed in section 5 about the accuracyand efficiency of the response.International Journal of Computer and Information Technology (ISSN: 2279 – 0764)Volume 02– Issue 04, July 2013IV.IMPLEMENTATIONA. Network SetupIn this simulation, the network setup consists of twoMANET, and each MANET consists of four mobile nodes. TheHome Agent for the MANET is labeled as HA1 and HA2. Themobile nodes initially encapsulated under HA1 are labeled asM1.1, M1.2, and so on. The nodes under HA2 are labeled asM2.1, M2.2 and so on. The Corresponding Node, labeled asCN that represents the source for the transmission in one caseand then acts as destination node for transmission vice versa.The node labeled as AR1 and AR2 represent Access Router,these nodes perform the role of the Gateway node.Figure 4. Packets forwarding in home network.C. Binding UpdateFigure 5 depicts the case, the first MANET M1, is mobileafter 800 ms, once the node detects diminishing of the signalstrength, it initiates handover process. The node continuouslysenses for a neighboring network.Figure 3. Network Setup to simulate the protocol.B. Packet Forwarding in Home NetworkFigure 4 shows simulation of a mobile node within aMANET, which communicates with the corresponding nodewhen the mobile node is in Home Network. In this architecture,the node in the home network establishes its own directconnection to internet every time, and facilitates a Gatewaynode. This Gateway node extends the internet connection to it’sHA, enabling all the other nodes in the same network toforward their packets into the internet through the existingsession. At the same time, all the other nodes within the mobilenetwork also maintain a communication interface using AODVprotocol to establish a MANET with other nodes around them.If corresponding node sends packets into the MANET, theseare directly forwarded by Home Agent to the MANET throughaccess router or the Gateway node.Figure 5. MANET M1 starts moving.Figure 6 depicts the next stage, at which the MANET M2has acknowledged positively to the request, and is ready toaccept the new connection.www.ijcit.com 764
International Journal of Computer and Information Technology (ISSN: 2279 – 0764)Volume 02– Issue 04, July 2013Figure 6. Packet forwarding in home network.Figure 7, depicts the extension of figure 6, where the signalstrength for MANET M1, is further diminishing. In the nextsection the mobile node moves away from its Home networkand connects to another network, foreign network. When aMANET goes under another network, then the Gateway Nodeof MANET obtains a CoA from this foreign network. TheMANET sends this CoA to it’s HA using binding update. Uponreception of binding update request message, HA installsroutes to the MANET and sends an acknowledgement to theMANET through the foreign agent. Thus it forms a bidirectionaltunnel, used for routing the packets to the MANET.Figure 8. Binding Update completed successfully.V. RESULTSTwo most important parameters, considered to measure theefficiency of a protocol is Packet Delivery Ratio and theSystem Efficiency.ParametersValuesTraffic typecbrChannelWirelessNo. of nodes 15Network size 500*400mProtocolAODVMechanismNemoConceptPre-registrationSimulation time9 secA. Packet Delivery RatioIn first case, the packet delivery ratio of the system istested. It shows at different time instants of packet deliveryratio which are displayed in following graph. Here X-axisrepresents time and Y-axis, number of packets delivered.Figure 7. Packet forwarding in home network.D. Packet Forwarding in Foreign NetworkOnce the Binding Update is complete, MANET getsconnection to the foreign network and it also sends its CoA toits Home Agent. Hence it won’t lose its data session, initiatedwith its previous address. Hence forth it can initiate a newconnection or new session using the new address.www.ijcit.com 765
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