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MEDICAL PHYSICS INTERNATIONAL Journal, vol.1, No.1, 2013three years. These programs are required to provideevidence of graduation of their first student or resident, orremediation as appropriate in which case InitialAccreditation will be granted.Deferred accreditation: This action may be appropriatefor programs that are found to be non-compliant withCAMPEP standards for accreditation, in order to allow anadequate period of time for the institution to implementplanned or suggested improvements in the program. Thisaction postpones a final decision until specific additionalinformation is provided which brings the program intocompliance with CAMPEP standards.Withheld accreditation: This action is appropriate forprograms that are found to be non- compliant toCAMPEP standards for accreditation, and it does notappear that program changes could be achieved within areasonable period of time to qualify for accreditation.After this decision, should accreditation be pursued, anew application would be required including theappropriate fee.The final report with an appropriate accreditationrecommendation is distributed to all members of thereview committee for consideration. After agreement isreached by the review committee, a recommendation onaccreditation is submitted to the Board of Directors. Ifthe Board concurs in a recommendation for accreditation,the accreditation status is conferred on the program.Programs are required to submit annual reports. In thereport, the program is required to identify any changes inthe program or key personnel. Programs are asked toidentify actively enrolled students or residents, those whohave completed the program and those who have left theprogram prior to completion. Sometimes additional dataare requested for statistical purposes.At the beginning of the last year of a program’saccreditation, the program is requested to submit anupdated Self-Study to CAMPEP along with the renewalfee. The renewal Self-Study is reviewed in the samemanner as the initial application for accreditation. If theapplication is for reaccreditation following an initialaccreditation, or if a site visit was performed for theprevious reaccreditation, a site visit is not necessary. If asite visit is required, it is conducted in the same manneras the site visit associated with the initial application foraccreditation. After the appropriate review committeehas approved the application for reaccreditation, the Chairof the review committee forwards the recommendation tothe Board.Examination statistics for the 2012 oral ABRcertification examination for medical physicists havedemonstrated that completion of a CAMPEP-accreditedresidency program significantly increases the passingrate. In 2012, 390 individuals took the Oral ABRExamination in one of the three branches of medicalphysics, with a passing rate of 56%. Of these individualstaking the examination, 47 had completed a CAMPEPaccreditedresidency program. The passing rate for theseindividuals was 87%. [7] Clearly, successfullycompleting a CAMPEP-accredited residency programsubstantially increases the probabilitythat an individualwill pass the ABR examination.CONCLUSIONAccreditation of medical physics educational programsin North America is provided by the Commission onAccreditation of Medical Physics Educational Programs(CAMPEP). CAMPEP has a well-defined process forprograms that wish to undergo accreditation. If programsthat are currently under review successfully achieveaccreditation, there will be almost 50 graduate programsand 80 residency programs holding CAMPEPaccreditation. Successful completion of an accreditededucational program has been shown to increase theprobability that a medical physicist will pass theAmerican Board of Radiology certification examinationin medical physics.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of DrsKenneth Hogstrom and Geoffrey Ibbott in providinginformation cited in this manuscript.REFERENCES1. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/accreditation2. www.campep.org3. http://www.chea.org/Directories/index.asp4. http://www.aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_197.pdf5. http://www.aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_90.pdf6. http://www.aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_197S.pdf7. Memorandum from ABR Physics Trustees to AAPM EXCOM,CAMPEP, SDAMPP, dated 5 October 2012.Corresponding author:Author: George StarkschallCity: Houston TXCountry: USAEmail: gstarksc@mdanderson.org26
MEDICAL PHYSICS INTERNATIONAL Journal, vol.1, No.1, 2013THE IMPACT OF THE ICTP COLLEGE ON MEDICAL PHYSICS FOR THEESTABLISHMENT OF MEDICAL PHYSICS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIESS Tabakov 1 , P Sprawls 2 , A Benini 3 , F Milano 4 , G D Frey 5 , L Bertocchi 61 King’s College London, UK, Vice-President IOMP2 Sprawls Educational Foundation, Montreat, NC, USA3 Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark;4 Florence University, Italy5 Medical Univ. of South Carolina, Charleston, USA6 ICTP, Trieste, ItalyAbstract- The regular College on Medical Physics atICTP (the Abdus Salam International Centre forTheoretical Physics), Trieste, Italy, has been a strongsupport for the development of medical physics indeveloping countries. Additionally ICTP has participated inseveral medical physics education/training projects and hashosted several International Conferences in this field.Recent feedback assessment shows significant (66%)increase of participants knowledge. During its more than 20years history the college has educated more than 1000 youngmedical physics colleagues from developing countries.Keywords- Education, training, developing countries.INTRODUCTIONThe International College on Medical Physics (CMP)at ICTP (the Abdus Salam International Centre forTheoretical Physics) in Trieste, Italy has operated formore than 20 years. Although ICTP does not have apermanent Research Activity in the field of MedicalPhysics, a very vigorous training and Conference activitytakes place. It started with an International Conference onthe Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology in1982 (organised by Giorgio Alberi). Another successfulConference and several Workshops were organised in thefollowing years, demonstrating the need for MedicalPhysics education for the developing countries. Thisconvinced ICTP to expand their training activities withMedical Physics. The first College on Medical Physicstook place in 1988 (a 4 week activity with theparticipation of 68 scientists from developing countries).The regular series of Colleges begun in 1992 andcontinues to run on a regular basis (usually bi-annually).During the period the ICTP has educated more than a1000 young medical physicists mainly from developingcountries. From the beginning corner stones for the ICTPinvolvement in Medical Physics were Luciano Bertocchi(then Deputy Director of ICTP) and Anna Benini (thenIAEA Officer). Additionally, a number of prominentprofessionals were engaged with the College on MedicalPhysics, including John Cameron (USA), SergioMascarenhas (Brazil), Perry Sprawls (USA) and SlavikTabakov (UK). The current Co-Directors include alsoFranco Milano (Italy) and George D Frey (USA), whilethe Hospital training is organised by Mario De Denaro.MEDICAL PHYSICS COLLEGES AT ICTPThe transfer of knowledge and experience to thedeveloping countries is a major objective of the College.Each participant receives a full set of lecturing materials,including Power Point slides, e-Learning materials,access to web sites, etc. These have triggered tens ofMedical Physics activities and courses in the developingcountries and helped hundreds of colleagues from thesecountries to practice the profession. Due to this reasonCMP is always one of the most over-subscribed trainingactivities of the ICTP – see Figure 1.Figure 1. Applications to ICTP College on Medical PhysicCMP usually accepts colleagues from 30 to 40developing countries. It is known that in general,physicists from these countries have good educationalfoundations in general physics. The College builds on27
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