the personality-types which the “spoon bender” variety <strong>of</strong>“Cold War”-vintage spook represents. Look at the specialMIT-RLE operation associated with the Josiah Macy, Jr.Foundation’s “Cybernetics” project, which included suchobscenities as the tortured chimpanzee, dubbed “NoamChimpsky,” by the “spoon-bender” body-snatchers andPr<strong>of</strong>essors Noam Chomsky and Marvin Minsky, is a relevantexample <strong>of</strong> this. Look, for example, at old volumes <strong>of</strong> JohnCampbell’s Astounding Science Fiction magazine. Look, inthose and kindred productions, at the themes <strong>of</strong> “BuckRogers” types riding a six-legged or something reptilianthingamabob across the terrain <strong>of</strong> a distant planet’s feudallikeculture, or the same worse-than-infantile perversion, thefilm “Star Wars.” For many <strong>of</strong> the fans <strong>of</strong> this sort <strong>of</strong> stuff,“science fantasy” was not merely the entertainment <strong>of</strong> childishminds; it was more or less a religion. For those lured intosuch directions, becoming a “spoon bender” was, as it is saidtoday, “a big deal,” especially if it involved participating in a“Q-this-or-that” ultra-secret romp in the protected zone <strong>of</strong>an ultra-secret other identity, especially when that poor pervertwas protected from sensibility <strong>of</strong> reality within a specialplace <strong>of</strong> high military or comparable security.Put the image <strong>of</strong> that sort <strong>of</strong> “spoon bender” into the context<strong>of</strong> what I have identified, earlier in this present report,as a “fishbowl syndrome.” There, I wrote <strong>of</strong> a state <strong>of</strong> mind<strong>of</strong> a reductionist whose definitions, axioms, and postulatesare a mixing <strong>of</strong> the real and non-existent worlds. Look at theclass <strong>of</strong> “spoon benders” to which I have just made reference,against the background <strong>of</strong> a “fishbowl syndrome.”Weird? No more weird than what you should have recognizedas the weird state <strong>of</strong> mind typical <strong>of</strong> a really passionateadmirer <strong>of</strong> Lord Shelburne’s Adam Smith, orPr<strong>of</strong>essor Milton Friedman, for that matter. Take the followingpassage, which I have frequently quoted, fromAdam Smith’s 1759 Theory <strong>of</strong> Moral Sentiments, publishedjust four years before Smith received his assignment as aspy from Lord Shelburne himself.The administration <strong>of</strong> the great system <strong>of</strong> the universe . . .the care <strong>of</strong> the universal happiness <strong>of</strong> all rational andsensible beings, is the business <strong>of</strong> God and not <strong>of</strong> man. Toman is allotted a much humbler department, but onemuch more suitable to the weakness <strong>of</strong> his powers, and tothe narrowness <strong>of</strong> his comprehension: the care <strong>of</strong> his ownhappiness, <strong>of</strong> that <strong>of</strong> his family, his friends, his country. . .. But though we are . . . endowed with a very strong desire<strong>of</strong> those ends, it has been intrusted to the slow anduncertain determinations <strong>of</strong> our reason to find out theproper means <strong>of</strong> bringing them about. Nature has directedus to the greater part <strong>of</strong> these by original and immediateinstincts. Hunger, thirst, the passion which unites the twosexes, and the dread <strong>of</strong> pain, prompt us to apply thosemeans for their own sakes, and without any consideration<strong>of</strong> their tendency to those beneficent ends which the greatDirector <strong>of</strong> nature intended to produce by them. 23The “spoon bender” <strong>of</strong> the Locke, Mandeville, Quesnay,Adam Smith, or utopian Jeremy Bentham type, divides hisuniverse into two separate universes, the one above thefloorboards <strong>of</strong> sensory phenomena, the other below thefloorboards. Somehow, by magic spells, the creatures underthose floorboards are ordering the fate <strong>of</strong> mortal man; abovethe floorboards, the credulous are performing rituals which,while intrinsically absurd, or worse, themselves, are believedto propitiate the unseen monsters who control the universeabove the floorboards, from below. Imagine Donald Trump,as Satan, where he resides in Hell, pointing with menacewhile shouting wildly at an applicant for the post <strong>of</strong> localcell-master <strong>of</strong> the damned, “You’re fired!” As Trump insists,it is the willingness to be truly vicious in one’s evil doings,which, according to Mandeville’s doctrine, produces whatshould please a society <strong>of</strong> Mandeville’s tastes as a whole.Recognize the not-so-hidden inner mind <strong>of</strong> the potential“spoon bender” in this, and in related weird cases <strong>of</strong>famous economists such as the follower <strong>of</strong> John Locke,Bernard Mandeville. Mandeville based the economic doctrineenthusiastically worshipped by today’s contemporary,rather far right-wing Mont Pelerin Society on thepresumption that a ban on society’s interference with thepractice <strong>of</strong> private vice, would ensure the relative optimalbenefits for society in the large. 24 Or, the case <strong>of</strong> thePhysiocrat Dr. François Quesnay, from whom AdamSmith plagiarized the most celebrated formulation, “TheInvisible Hand,” <strong>of</strong> his own 1776 anti-American propagandatract known by the short title <strong>of</strong> The Wealth <strong>of</strong>Nations. 25 Quesnay’s argument was that <strong>of</strong> U.S. SupremeCourt Associate Justice Antonin Scalia—a bit <strong>of</strong> a devilhimself—that, since the serfs on the aristocratic landlord’sestate were only human cattle, whose income should notexceed the feeding and other care due them as a form <strong>of</strong>cattle, the only source <strong>of</strong> the pr<strong>of</strong>it <strong>of</strong> the estate must bethe magical powers <strong>of</strong> ownership (e.g., “shareholdervalue”) expressed by the award <strong>of</strong> the title to the landlord.The common characteristic <strong>of</strong> the relevant beliefs <strong>of</strong> all<strong>of</strong> these typical empiricist “saints” <strong>of</strong> the pagan Pantheon<strong>of</strong> Anglo-Dutch Liberal political-economy, is what is fairlydescribed as their common conviction, that some unknowableagency, operating from under the floorboards <strong>of</strong> theuniverse, is dictating, and that rather capriciously, definingthus what is allowed to the inhabitants <strong>of</strong> the world above.One hears the rattle <strong>of</strong> the superstitious gambler’s dice, asthe player cries, worshipfully: “Baby needs shoes!”As in all cases which lie within the bounds <strong>of</strong> the notion<strong>of</strong> the “fishbowl” syndrome, there are three principal facets<strong>of</strong> the particular ideology to be considered. First, there isthe matter <strong>of</strong> the practical significance for that society <strong>of</strong>that which the participant in that syndrome does notknow, but should for his or her own good. Second, thereare adopted notions <strong>of</strong> principle which may be defective inthe respect that they are not without some merit, but areflawed in that they represent reductionist forms <strong>of</strong> impliedbelief. These notions, which are characteristic <strong>of</strong> thedeductive ideology, have the effect <strong>of</strong> tending to suppressthe functioning <strong>of</strong> those creative mental powers which arethe characteristic distinction <strong>of</strong> the human species fromthe beasts. Third, there is the aspect <strong>of</strong> belief which is outrightlycontrary to relevant real-universe principles.In the case in which the relevant leading challenge isimplicitly constitutional in character, a reasonable19
approximation <strong>of</strong> the appropriate distinctions amongthose three components <strong>of</strong> a popular “fishbowl” syndrome,should be regarded as the area <strong>of</strong> leading concernfor constitutional law. The emphasis must be, as I haveadhered to that precept in this report, on constitutionallaw in its aspects as natural law, rather than being drawninto the moral swamp <strong>of</strong> the pathological effects <strong>of</strong> obsessivebelief in positive law (e.g., “common law”), as by ourtypical populists. 26In the following, concluding portion <strong>of</strong> the report nowbefore you, our attention is focussed on two distinguishablekinds <strong>of</strong> implicitly constitutional consequences <strong>of</strong> the situationwhich the Bush-Cheney case represents now. I explain.In the New Venetian Party’s Anglo-Dutch Liberal practice<strong>of</strong> what they call, curiously, political-economy, it isthe same notion <strong>of</strong> the “magic” governing the circulation<strong>of</strong> money which is resonant in the crap-shooter’s cry,“Baby needs shoes!” that the desirable determination <strong>of</strong>the price <strong>of</strong> everything, including money itself, must occurin that magical, spoon benders’ way argued by Mandeville,Smith, Jeremy Bentham, et al. Every believer in such doctrines<strong>of</strong> economy, therefore should be recognized asclearly just another variety <strong>of</strong> true-believing admirer <strong>of</strong> thespoon bender’s magical art.The same, spoon bender’s quality <strong>of</strong> lunacy, is functionallyimplicit in all varieties <strong>of</strong> what I have described as a “fishbowlsyndrome.” However, common opinion rightly suspectsthat there are qualitative distinctions to be madeamong differing varieties <strong>of</strong> those who share belief in lunacies<strong>of</strong> the type familiar to us from the Physiocratic andother doctrines <strong>of</strong> the Anglo-Dutch Liberal types. One mightsay, that one variety belongs to the department <strong>of</strong> “whitemagic,” and another includes the “black magic” <strong>of</strong> “Enron”and “Halliburton” economics, or those who fall into thesame general category as Mrs. Lynne Cheney’s creature.That distinction between “white” and “black” magic isdebatable, but only in respect to the common practice <strong>of</strong>distinguishing the hardened criminal from the rest <strong>of</strong> thepractitioners <strong>of</strong> sundry vices. Cheney fits within the bracket<strong>of</strong> the “hardened criminal” mentality, as more or less distinguishablefrom the relevance <strong>of</strong> the usual “true believer” inMandeville’s dedication to the proliferation <strong>of</strong> private vice.So, in proceeding now to the concluding portions <strong>of</strong>this report, I divide the treatment <strong>of</strong> the constitutional relevance<strong>of</strong> that broad distinction. First, I concentrate onthe “hardened felon” characteristics <strong>of</strong> types such as Vice-President Cheney, and, after that, focus on the constitutionalchallenge presented by the way in which Liberalismin general creates the opportunity for the ruin <strong>of</strong> societyby creatures who fall into the more extremist categorywhich Cheney may be meaningfully said to typify.Cheney, or Dostoevsky’sGrand Inquisitor?Recently, there was a discussion among my immediatecircles, in which the pivot <strong>of</strong> the deliberations was a focusupon the matter <strong>of</strong>: How much did Cheney himself fullyrecognize the sheer criminality <strong>of</strong> that <strong>of</strong> which he wasinvolved, in the way he participated in concocting the fraudulentpretexts for bringing <strong>of</strong>f the launching <strong>of</strong> the presentlycontinuing, worsening war in Iraq? The crucial role <strong>of</strong>Cheney’s <strong>of</strong>fice in coordinating the involuntary public“outing” <strong>of</strong> CIA secret operative Valerie Plame was a point<strong>of</strong> concentration in our discussion on this matter <strong>of</strong>degree <strong>of</strong> “wittingness” on Cheney’s part.It is not necessary, in such a case as that, to set out todetermine whether or not what Cheney et al. did shouldbe prosecuted as a crime. It is sufficient to determine,first <strong>of</strong> all, whether the role <strong>of</strong> the relevant parties wasintentionally wrongful. Was the intended action wrongful?Was it intentionally wrongful, not only by virtue <strong>of</strong>the action intended, but also by the foreseeable consequences<strong>of</strong> that intended action in the mind <strong>of</strong> the relevantperson, or persons? Or, is his role in the concertedoperations <strong>of</strong> Cheney’s <strong>of</strong>fice, the White House, and others,in that far-flung conspiracy, to be seen as associatedefforts in a fully conscious intention to craft a vast effortat obstruction <strong>of</strong> justice, in instances such as the ValeriePlame case?Does his case mimic, at least, the pure evil <strong>of</strong>Dostoevsky’s image <strong>of</strong> the Grand Inquisitor?In probing those questions, our intention, at thatpoint, does not permit us to cloud the investigation’scharacter as a scientific investigation, by complicatingthe scientific investigation with decisions as to lawfulcriminality <strong>of</strong> the intentions <strong>of</strong> the relevant subjects: it isthe fact <strong>of</strong> his state <strong>of</strong> mind as expressed by his behaviorwhich must shape our intention in this initial phase <strong>of</strong>the inquiry and assessment. The act is an action, but theintention motivating that action is a matter which mustnot be clouded by reckless use <strong>of</strong> deductive argument. Wemust consider this matter as a study in dynamics, not psycho-mechanics.We must never be so impelled to escape from our presentdangers, that we plunge carelessly into unforeseen consequences.Meet no appointments in Samara! That is thegreat principle <strong>of</strong> constitutional law which must not be violated.When the impassioned desire to punish outranks consideration<strong>of</strong> the deadly changes in constitutional principlefor the future, which the lust for revenge usually tends toengender, future civilization is put in danger as a consequence<strong>of</strong> our lust to punish the past.Putting aside, for the moment, all issues <strong>of</strong> criminallaw as such, were Cheney et al. proceeding with a consciousness<strong>of</strong> their actively malicious intent to attempt tocarry through an action whose consequences should beprevented in the vital interest <strong>of</strong> our nation, or others?Prevention <strong>of</strong> what must urgently be prevented, not punishment,must be our sole concern at that point. From thestandpoint <strong>of</strong> our team, prevention, not punishment, isthe only allowed motive for our work. If what some wouldwish to consider punishment were required as a measure<strong>of</strong> prevention, so be it; but, my concern, especially at thispoint, is not to punish, but to prevent. Our sole concernmust be remedies and justice, never revenge. Our missionis to assure the <strong>of</strong>fender <strong>of</strong> the virtual certainty <strong>of</strong> detectionand prevention, not to terrify society with the diversionarynocturnal screams <strong>of</strong> the convict and his family.20