ATARI PASCAL LANGUAGE SYSTEM - Strotmann.de

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3 . 2. 2 Pa r amet e r Pa s s i n gW hen c a l l i n g a n. a s semb l y , l a ng uag e r a u t i n e f r om ATARI .Pas ca l o r c a l l i n ya n ATARI Pa s da l r a u t i n e f r'om a s semb l y l a n g uage s p a r ame t e r s a r e p a s s edon 't h e s t a c'k . Th e pa r amet e r p a s s i n g . s t a c k i n ATARI , Pascal i s . d i f f e r e nttha n t h e 6 50 2 h a r dwar e s t a c k . T h i s so f t w ar e it a c k is at . l o c a t i o ns 4 600thr ough 46FF i n memory . Th e hardwar e X r egi s t e r mus t b e saved andre s t o r e d d u r i n g e x ec u t i o n o f a s semb l y l a nguag e r o u t i n e s an d i s u s edt h e p o i n t er - t o t h e s o f t w a r e s t a c k . Ya u ma y l oa d t h e t o p o f t h e s t a c kus i n g " LDA 0600 ~,X i e t c . U pon e n t r y t o t h e r o u t i n ei t h e t o p o f t h eh a r dwar e s t a c k c o n t a i n s t h e r e t ur n a d dr e s s . O n t h e s o f t war e s t a c k sin r e v e r s e or d er ) h e . dec la r e s ia ni ( Ac,.B: IN TEGERS C: CHAR) ~ w ou l d r e s u l ti n C on t o p 'a f B o n t o p a f A . Ea c h pa ramet e r r e q u i r e s- a t l e a s t o n e16- b i t WORD i 0 s t a c k s p a r e . A c ha r a c t e r o r b o o l ea n i s pa s sed a s a16 bi t wo r d w i t h a h i g h o r d er b y t e o f 0 0. V AR p a r a met e rs a r e p a s s e d b ya d dr e ss., Th e a d dr e i s r e p r es en t s t h e b y t e a f t h e v a r i a b l e w i t h t h el owest ' memor y a d dr e s s .N on- s c a l a r p a r ame t er s ( e x c l u d i n g SETs ) a r e a l wa y s pa s s e d b y a d dr e s s .If t h e p a r ame t e r i s a v a L ue p ar amet e r t h en c o de i s g e ne ra t e d b y t h ecomp i l e r i n a' P as cal r a u t i n e t o m ove t h e d a t a . S KT p ar amet e rs a r epa s s e d ' b y v a l u e a n t h » s t a c k an d t he n t h e i n t er p r e t er is u s e d t o s t o r ethem.Th e e xamp l e ' b e l o w s hows a ty p i c a l p a r a mete r l i s t a t e n t r y t o aprocedure:PROCEDURE DEMO ( I i J : I NTEGER) V * R 8 : ST RI NOi C. D: CHAR) iA T ENTRY STACK' ( 4600 i X) :+0 DB YTK OF 0 0+2 C+3 B YTK OF 0 0+a ADDRESS OF ACTUAL STRI NC+$ *DDRESS OF ACTUAL STRI NG+6 J ( LSB )+7 J ( NSB )+ 8 I ( L SB )+9 (NSB )T h e a s semb l y l a n guag e p r o gr a m mus t r emov e al l p a r ame t er s f r o m t h ee v a l u a t i o n s t a c k b e f a r e r e t u r n i n g t a t h e c a l l i n g r o u t i n e .SETs a r e s t o r e d a n t h e s t a c k wi t h t h ~ l e a s t s i g n i f i c a nt b y t e o nb o t t o m ( h i g h a d dr e s s ) .F un c t i o n v a l ue s a r e r e t ur n e d o n t h e s t a c k . T he y a r e p l a c e d " l o g i c a l l y "u nd er n ea t h t h e r e t ur n a d dr es s b e f or e t h e r e t ur n i s e x e c u t ed . T h e yth e r e f or e re mai n o n t h e t o p a f t h e s t a c k a f t e r t h e c a l l i n g pr o g r a m i sr e- e n t e r e d f o l l o wi n g t h e r e t u r n . A s semb1y l a n guag e f u n c t i on s ma y o n l yre t u r n t h e s c a l a r t y p e s I NTEGER. RE AL i BOOL EAN a n d CHAR.
3 . 3 P r o g r am Segmen t a t i on — Ch a i n i n gTh er e a r e t i me s when pr o grams e x c ee d t he memorg a v a i l a b l e a n d . al s om any t i me s when s egmen ta'Ci on i f p r o g r ams f o r comp i l a t i o n a n dmai n t enanc e pui pose s i i d e s i r ed. ATARI Pas c al p r o v i d es a " c h a i n i n g "mecha n i s m i n wh i c h on e p r o gr am ma y t r a n s f e r c o n t r o l t o a n o t h erpr o gram.You must dec l ar e a n untapped f i l e ( FI LE> ) an d use' t he .ASSION and. RESETpr ocedur e s t o in i t i a l i x e t h e f i l e . Y ou m ay t h en e x e c u t e a c a l l t o C heCHAIN pr o c e du re s pas s i n g t h e n ame o f ' t h e f i l e v a r i a b l e ' ai a s i n g l eparameter, . T hi "'r un-- t i m e l i br ar y r ou t i n e wi l l Che n per'Worm 't heappr opr i a t e f un c t i on s t o l oa d i n t h e f i l e yo u opened. us i n g t h e RESETst a tement . Pr ogram' s i se does no t m a t t er . A s mal l p ro gra m mag c hai n t oa l a r ge on i ,a nd a l a r g e pr ogr am mi j c ha i n Co a sm al l one . I f y oud es i r e ' t o comiivn i c a t e bet ween t h e c ha i ne d pr ogr am you ma y choos e t ocommuni ca t e i n t wo wa ys : sha r e d g l oba l v a r i a b l e s an d ABSOLUTEvar ice 1 es.I f you us e Che -shar e d g l oba l v a r i a b l e me t hods yo u mus t guar a n t e e t ha tat l ea s t t h e f i r s t s e c t i on o f g l oba l v a r i a b l e s i s Che ' same i n t h e t wopl ograms wi s h i ng ' t o communi ca t e . Th e rema i nde r o f t h e gl oba l v a r i ab 1esn ee d no t b e t h e same an d t h e de c l a r a t i on o f e x t er na l v a r i a b l e s i n t h eg l oba l s e c Ci on wi l l no t a f f ec t t h i s ma ppi ng . I n a dd i t i on . t o ha v i ngm at ch i n g de c l a r a t i ons i yo u mus t us e t h e / 9 op t i on swi t c h a va 'i I a b l e i nth e l i n ke r ( se e se c t i on 2. 3. 2. 4 ) t o p l a c e t he va r i a b l e s a t Che s amel oc a t i on i n a ) 1 pr ograms wi s h i n g t o communi ca t e .T o use t he ABSOLUTE var i a bl e method you woul d typi cal l y de f i ne ar ec or d used a s a communi ca t i on a r ea an d t he A def i n e t h i s r ec or d a t a na bs o l ut e l oca t i o n i n ea c h modul e . T h i s me t hod doe s no t r e qu i r e us i n gt h e / b sw i t c h i n t h e l i n ke r bu t doe s r equ i r e knowl edge o f t h e memor yuse d bg Che pr ogr am and sy s tem.Li s t e d be l ow a r e t w o e xampl e pr ograms t ha t communi ca t e wi t h ea c h ot heru si 'n g t h e ABSOLUTE v a r i a b l e me t hod. Th e f i r s t pr ogr am wi l l CHAI N t ot h e s econ d pr ograms wh i c h wi l l pr'i n t t h e r e s u l t s o f t h e f i r s tp r ogr am' s e xec ut i on :
Page 1 and 2: W ATARI' PROGRAM EXCHANGEATARI PASC
Page 3 and 4: Distributed ByThe ATARI Program Exc
Page 5: NCN-KKCMSXVE p MYALTY-FREE- LICENSE
Page 8 and 9: TABL E O F CONTENTSC H*PTER 1 :ATAR
Page 10 and 11: 3 7 5 1 2 T r i g g e r F u n c t i
Page 12 and 13: APPENDI X A :APPENDI X B :APPENDI X
Page 14 and 15: C HAP TER 1 :A TAR I PASCAL I NTROD
Page 16 and 17: I. 2 S y s t e m O ve r v i e wThe
Page 18 and 19: D i s k e t t e 2P a s c a 1 Comp i
Page 20 and 21: 2 . 1 Comp i l e L i n k an d Ru n
Page 22 and 23: T h e s y s t e m w i l 1 p r o mp
Page 24 and 25: 2 . 1. 3 R u n Sa mp l e P r o g r
Page 26 and 27: 2 . 2 . 2 Co mp i l a t i o n Da t
Page 28 and 29: g e n er a t e d w i t h e r r a r
Page 30 and 31: 2 . 2 . 4 B u i l t - i n R o u t i
Page 32 and 33: 2 . 3 L i n k e r Op e r a t i o n2
Page 34 and 35: C h e c o mp u t e r c o n s o l e
Page 36 and 37: 2. 4 Ob g ec t P ro g ra m E x ec u
Page 38 and 39: CHAPTER 3 :A T * R I PASCAL L ANQVA
Page 40 and 41: modul ~ / pro g ra m. E x t e rn a
Page 42 and 43: 3 . 2 D a t a A l l o c a t i o n a
Page 46 and 47: Example:PRQQRAN PROC2'TYPECQNNARKA
Page 48 and 49: 3. 4 . I NOVE i MOVER I QHT i NOVEL
Page 50 and 51: 3 . 4. 2 K X I TP ROCEDURE EXI T >E
Page 52 and 53: 3. 4 . 4 S HR i SHLFUNCTION SHR (BA
Page 54 and 55: 3. 4. h ADDRFUNCTI ON ADDR(VARI ABL
Page 56 and 57: 3. 4, 8 F I LLCHARPRQCKDVRK F I LLC
Page 58 and 59: 3. 4 . 10 CONCATFUNCT ION CONC AT (
Page 60 and 61: 3. 4. f.R P OSFUNCTI ON POS ( PATTE
Page 62 and 63: 3. 4 . 14 I NSERTPROCEDURE I NSERT
Page 64 and 65: 3. 4. 16 W N B~ G N SF UNC't IQN 'O
Page 66 and 67: 3. 4 . i 8 QPKNPROCEDURE QPKN ( F I
Page 68 and 69: 3. 4. 2() PURGEPROCEDURE PURGE ( F
Page 70 and 71: 3.. 4. 22 . M KH* V* I L i MAXAVA I
Page 72 and 73: 3 . 5 N o n - S t a n d a r d Da t
Page 74 and 75: T h e pr o g r a m f r agmen t b e
Page 76 and 77: T he f o l l owi n g s e c t i on s
Page 78 and 79: 3 . 7. 3. 5 C o l o r Pr o c ed u r
Page 80 and 81: 3 . 7. 5. I . 1 Pa d d l e F un c t
Page 82 and 83: m axi mum v a l u e b e i n g r e t
Page 84 and 85: 5. l. 3 I N TEGERT h e da t a Cgp e
Page 86 and 87: Th e i n d i v i d ua l c hav'a c t
Page 88 and 89: 5 . 1. 7. 4 Re a d i n g a n d Wr i
Page 90 and 91: 6 , 1 I n compa t a b i l i t i e s
Page 92 and 93: 12. UCSD Pasca l daes na t f u 11g
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7 S ummav'y a f t h e AT* R I Pa s
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7 . 8 E x p r e s s i on s< un s i
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7 . 9 S t a t emen t s: s t a t eme
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s e l e c t o r s . t h e p r o g r
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v a r i a b l e d e c l a r a t i o
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7 . 10 . 1. 2 D y na mi c A l l o c
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D I SPLAY I T ( A2 )(+ CAL L DISPEL
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4 3 S ( X ) Q R A BS«'f i x ed
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i d e n t i f i e r > 4 . i d e n t
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APPENDI X 8 :RESERVED WORDSTh e f a
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1 7 : ' BEGI N ' e xpe c t e dS e 1
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119 : R e - s p e c i f i e d p a r
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1 5 4 : A c t u a l p a r a m e t e
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4 0 4 : E r r o r i n w r i t i n g
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1. DEF I N I T I ONBT h e t e r m s
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2. F UNDA)" EN T* L F I L E OP ER*
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P ROCEDURE A S S I GN ( VA R F : F
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g t h e Op e r a t i n g S y s t e
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3 . T E XT F I L E SDEF IN I T I QN
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F o r m a t t e d O u t p u tIn F i
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PROCEDURE READ'PROCEDURE READL N;P
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MI SCEL L ANEOUS F I L E ROUT I NE
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A PPEND I X F : P l a y e r / M i s
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E XTERNAL PROCEDURE 8 I GBANG> ( «
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END E L B E I F A = 7 T HEN MOVER I
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P IOVENI S S I L E i ( + ST ART t"
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M ODULE PE EKPOKE '(+Thi s modul e
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INDE XA BSOL UT E v a t i a b l e s
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D a t a s t o r a g eD a t a t y p
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I n c l u d e f i l es 5s 8 t 1 4 '
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DEMUCUN ( c on f or ma n t a r r a
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U s e rt a b l e s p a c eW i nd o
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ATARIPROGRAMW EXCHANGEP.O. Box 3705
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