Gravity By Sharon Fabian

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The Story Behind Our Seasons1. The two things that cause our changein seasons are:Changes in the environment andthe sun's raysThe earth's orbit and the tilt ofits axisThe earth's rotations andrevolutionsRainfall and temperatures3. It takes 24 hours for the earth to makea singleCircleRevolutionRotationOrbit5. If the earth's axis were perfectlyvertical, we would not haveLightSeasonsRainHeat7. When the northern hemisphere istipped toward the sun, it is_____________ in the southernhemisphere.WinterSummer2. When the earth travels once around thesun, we call this aRotationAxisSeasonRevolution4. The earth's axis is perfectly vertical(straight up and down).TrueFalse6. The earth's axis is tilted at an angle of_____ degrees.12.553.523.590.58. My favourite season is______________ because___________________________
6. It's About Time<strong>By</strong> Laura G. Smith1"Do you know what time it is?" It's a question we either ask oranswer nearly every day. We plan to do certain things, meet certainpeople, or go to certain places at certain times, based on ourschedules. Imagine how confusing our days would be if we had noorganized way to measure time!2Before timekeeping and clocks were invented, people used to knowapproximately what time it was by watching the sun. When the sun isat its highest point in the sky, this is known to be 12 o'clock noon (ormidday). Directly above every spot on the earth, an imaginary curvedline called the celestial meridian passes through the sky. As the earthrotates on its axis (read more about the earth's axis in "The StoryBehind the Seasons"), the sun crosses every celestial meridian onceeach day. When the sun crosses the celestial meridian above aparticular place, the time there is noon. Every place on earth that iseast or west of another place has noon at a different time. The time atany particular place is called the local time.3<strong>By</strong> the 1700's man had developed accurate clocks and watchesthat told time to the minute. Each town would set their clocks at nooneach day based on the position of the sun. The town clock would bethe "official" local time, and the citizens would set their pocket watchesand clocks to the same time. Some of the townspeople even earnedmoney by traveling house-to-house adjusting clocks in theircustomers' homes on a weekly basis. Since each town set its officialclock according to the position of the sun at that particular location,travel between cities meant having to change one's pocket watch uponarrival.4As railroads grew to be a more widespread mode of transportation,time became a more important issue. In the early years of therailroads, the schedules were very confusing because each stop wasbased on a different local time.5In 1878, Sir Sanford Fleming, a Canadian civil engineer and builderof the Canadian Pacific (CP) Railway across Canada, proposed that theworld should be divided into twenty-four time zones. Sir Fleming's ideawas recognized worldwide as a brilliant solution to a chaotic problemand earned him the title of "Father of Standard Time."6Over the years, various railroads had simplified their schedules byestablishing what they called railroad time along their routes. But by1883, there were still about 100 different railroad times. On November
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Gravity By Sharon Fabian

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