T14S.R13E Pima County.AZ 050813 - Arizona Native Plant Society

iparian areas; sandy waste places; recently burned areas of scrub, and disturbed areas growing in wet, moist, damp and drydesert pavement; bouldery, bouldery-rocky, rocky, rocky-pebbly, rocky-sandy, shaley, stony, stony-gravelly, cindery, gravelly,gravelly-sandy and sandy ground; rocky loam, rocky-clayey loam, cobbly-sandy loam, sandy loam, clayey loam, silty loam andloam ground; rocky-sandy clay, rocky clay, gravelly clay, sandy clay and clay ground, and rocky silty, rocky-clayey silty,gravelly silty, sandy silty and silty ground, occurring from sea level to 8,000 feet in elevation in the forest, woodland, scrub,grassland, desertscrub and wetland ecological formations. NOTES: EXOTIC Invasive Plant which poses a significant threat toour native biotic communities. Bromus rubens is native to southern Europe; middle and western Asia, and northern Africa. *5, 6,15, 16, 22 (color photograph), 33 (Page 50), 43 (100309 - no record for Bromus madritensis subsp. rubens), 44 (032711 - speciesrecords located under Bromus madritensis L. subsp. rubens (L.) Husn; genus record), 46 (Page 78), 56, 57, 58, 63 (100409 - colorpresentation), 68, 77, 80 (The Ergot Fungus (Claviceps sp.) is listed as a Secondary Poisonous Range Plant. Species of the genusBromus can be hosts of the Ergot Fungus. “Ergot contains poisonous alkaloids and other compounds that may cause chronicpoisoning (gangrenous ergotism) in the extremities when consumed in small amounts, or convulsive poisoning when largeamounts are eaten. Animals may be poisoned by feeding on mature, infected grain or hay. Livestock, especially cattle, andhumans are susceptible. ... Pastures causing ergot poisoning should be mowed or the animals removed. Mildly poisoned animalswill usually recover if removed from the infested pastures, kept quiet, and supplied with good feed and water. In Arizona, somelosses may be expected on rangelands during wet years, but most losses have occurred from grazing pastures of Dallas Grass(Paspalum dilatatum).” See text for additional information.), 85 (102611 - color presentation), 89 (reported under MiscellaneousIntroduced Species as being a winter annual herb), 105, 124 (032711 - no record of species; genus record), 140 (Pages 201, 202,214 & 299)*Bromus tectorum C. Linnaeus: CheatgrassSYNONYMY: Bromus tectorum C. Linnaeus var. glabratus F.C. Spenner; Bromus tectorum C. Linnaeus var.tectorum. COMMON NAMES: Awned Brome Grass (Iowa); Brome des Toits (French); Brome Grass (a name also applied tothe genus Bromus); Brom Tec; Brom Tect; Bromo (a name also applied o the genus Bromus); Bromo Velloso (Spanish); Bromofelpudo(Portuguese: Brazil); Bromo-pendente (Portuguese: Brazil); Bronco Grass (a name also applied to other species);Broncograss (a name also applied to other species); Capim-cevadinha (Portuguese: Brazil); Cheat Brome; Cheat Grass (a namealso applied to other species); Cheatgrass (a name also applied to other species); Cheatgrass Brome; Cheatgrass Brome; CommonCheat; Common Cheatgrass; Dachtrespe (German); Downy Brome (a name also applied to other species); Downy Brome Grass;Downy Brome-grass; Downy Bromegrass; Downy Cheat; Downy Cheat Grass; Downy Cheat-grass; Downy Cheatgrass; DownyChess; Downy Chess Brome; Downy Chess Brome Grass; Downy Chess Bromegrass; Drooping Brome; Drooping Brome-grass;Drooping Bromegrass; Early Chess; Espiguilla Colgante (Spanish); Festuca avenacea sterilis humilior (Bauhin 1622); EuropeanCheat Grass; European Cheat-grass; European Cheatgrass; Gramen Avencaeum Locustis Villosis Angustis Canticantibus etAristis (Tournefort 1694); Fire Prone Cheatgrass; Fire-prone Cheat Grass; Fire-prone Cheatgrass; Introduced Cheat; IntroducedCheat Grass; Introduced Cheatgrass; Invasive Cheat Grass; Invasive Cheat-grass; Invasive Cheatgrass; June Grass (a name alsoapplied to other species); Military Grass (Montana); Mormon Oats; Nonnative Cheatgrass; Slender Chess (Indiana); Soft Chess (aname also applied to other species); Taklosta (Swedish); Thatch Bromegrass; Weedy Cheat Grass; Weedy Cheat-grass; WeedyCheatgrass; Wild Oats (a name also applied to other species and the genus Bromus); 100-Days Grass. DESCRIPTION:Terrestrial annual tufted graminoid (decumbent, geniculate, ascending and/or erect culms 1 inch to 3 feet in height); the foliage islight green aging to purple or purple-green at maturity and curing to a straw-yellow; spikelets (flowers) may be purplish-tinged;flowering generally takes place between mid-March and late August (additional records: one for late January, two for mid-September, two for late September and two for mid-October). HABITAT: Within the range of this species it has been reportedfrom mountains; rocky mountaintops; gravelly-loamy mountainsides; rocky-sandy, shaley-clayey, gravelly-sandy, gravellyloamy,sandy and sandy-loamy mesas; sandy plateaus; rocky, shaley and clayey-loamy cliffs; cracks in cliffs; hanging gardens;bases of cliffs; rocky canyon rims; along shaley-clayey, gravelly and sandy canyons; along pebbly-sandy canyon walls; sandyand clayey canyon bottoms; rock slides; talus slopes; crevices in rocks; rocky, stony-cobbly, gravelly and chalky bluffs; rocky,rocky-gravelly-clayey, cindery (scoria), gravelly-sandy, sandy-clayey, sandy-silty-clayey and clayey buttes; knobs; rocky-sandyloamy,stony and sandy knolls; rocky, rocky-gravelly-silty and sandy ledges; rocky, rocky-shaley, rocky-sandy, shaley, stony,cindery (scoria), gravelly, gravelly-sandy, sandy and sandy-clayey ridges; rocky, sandy and clayey ridgetops; bases of ridges;rocky clearings in forests and woodlands; along rocky, gravelly-loamy, sandy and clayey meadows; rocky foothills; bouldery,bouldery-gravelly, rocky, stony, stony-cobbly-clayey, shaley, gravelly, sandy, loamy, clayey and chalky hills; cindery (scoria)and clayey hilltops; rocky, rocky-sandy-loamy, sandy and clayey hillsides; pediments; bedrock, bouldery, bouldery-gravelly,rocky, rocky-gravelly, rocky-gravelly-sandy, rocky-sandy, rocky-sandy-clayey, rocky-loamy, rocky-clayey, rocky-powdery,shaley, shaley-gravelly, shaley-sandy, shaley-clayey, stony, stony-cobbly, stony-cobbly-gravelly, stony-gravelly, stony-sandy,stony-sandy-clayey, cobbly-sandy-loamy, cobbly-loamy, cindery, gravelly, gravelly-sandy, gravelly-sandy-loamy, gravellyloamy,gravelly-clayey-loamy, gravelly-silty-loamy, pebbly, sandy, sandy-loamy, sandy-clayey, sandy-clayey-loamy, sandy-silty,loamy, clayey, clayey-silty and silty-clayey slopes; gravelly-sandy bases of slopes; alluvial fans; rocky and shaley outcrops;sandy bases of outcrops; amongst boulders and rocks; bases of clinkers; sand hills; sand dunes; sand bluffs; sand flats; blow-sanddeposits; boulder and gravel piles; powdery mounds; rocky and clayey breaks; shaley, rocky, gravelly and gravelly-sandy-siltybenches; stony-cobbly-gravelly benchlands; terraces; clay pans; steppes; sandy-loam, silty and silty-loamy prairies; gravelly,sandy, clayey and clayey-silty plains; rocky, rocky-clayey, shaley, gravelly, sandy, sandy-loamy, sandy-clayey, loamy, clayeyand silty-clayey flats; rocky, rocky-clayey, sandy, clayey and silty-loamy uplands; sandy and clayey basins; sandy and sandyclayeyvalley floors; sandy valley bottoms; along sandy railroad right-of-ways and cutbanks; roadbeds; gravelly and sandy42