IPv6 Tutorial - RIPE 64

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The IPv6 packet format - maindifferences• All fields are of a predefined and static size• Faster processing• No “Initial Header Length” (IHL) needed• Instead a number of “extension headers” are defined• Header checksum is removed• Speeds up processing of packets in intermediary hops, as nonew checksum calculation is needed• Packets can in theory be misrouted due to bit errors, butthe risk is extremely low• The payload often has it own checksums22
The IPv6 packet format - maindifferences• Fragmentation is gone• IPv6 will only send packets after first havingperformed Path Maximum Transmission UnitDiscovery, PMTUD• IPv6 does not have a TOS field• The fields have changed names• Packet length -> Payload length• Protocol type -> Next header• Time to live -> Hop Limit23
Page 1 and 2: IPv6 Tutorialkurtis@netnod.se1
Page 3 and 4: Background3
Page 5 and 6: The background of IPv6• Original
Page 7 and 8: Allocated addresses - IANA
Page 9 and 10: Assigned adresser - RIRs9
Page 11 and 12: What do people do with theaddresses
Page 13 and 14: Prediction based on RIRs13
Page 15 and 16: The background of IPV6• A first s
Page 17 and 18: The background of IPv6A number of p
Page 19 and 20: IPv6 design and addressing19
Page 21: IPv6 header10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Page 25 and 26: IPv6 extension headers• Extension
Page 27 and 28: IPv6 extension header -Routing0 8 1
Page 29 and 30: IPv6 extension headers -Fragmentati
Page 31 and 32: IPv6 extension headers -Destination
Page 33 and 34: IPv6 extension headers -Hop-by-Hop
Page 35 and 36: IPv6 and Flows• A flow is a seque
Page 37 and 38: • IPv6 instead uses• (src, dst,
Page 39 and 40: IPv6 security• In IPv4 secure (en
Page 41 and 42: IPv6 Security - Authentication• A
Page 43 and 44: IPv6 Security -Authentication• Ne
Page 45 and 46: IPv6 security -Encryption• Yet an
Page 47 and 48: IPv6 security - Encryption• Secur
Page 49 and 50: IPv6 Quality of Service• In IPv4
Page 51 and 52: IPv6 Design and addressing-Due to t
Page 53 and 54: IPv6 Address types• The IPv6 addr
Page 55 and 56: Scoped addresses• When developing
Page 57 and 58: Site-local• Originally there was
Page 59 and 60: Site-local• The debate that follo
Page 61 and 62: ULAs• Prefix• The globally uniq
Page 63 and 64: IPv6 Addressing - 6bone• In order
Page 65 and 66: IPv6 Unicast addresses65
Page 67 and 68: EUI64 encoding00 14 51 01 FC 3600 1
Page 69 and 70: RFC4941• More solutions to the in
Page 71 and 72: IPv6 ‘special’ addresses• The
Page 73 and 74:
Point to point link addressing• M
Page 75 and 76:
Point to point link• Possible sol
Page 77 and 78:
Address allocation policies77
Page 79 and 80:
Address allocation policy• Propos
Page 81 and 82:
Today's Address AllocationPolicy•
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Transition technologies• When int
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End-user 185
Page 87 and 88:
The “lucky” end-user87
Page 89 and 90:
Dual-stack - IOSinterface FastEther
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Tunnels• Tunnels can be static•
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Tunnel encapsulationIPv4 HeaderIPv6
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Tunnels example - Routerto-host•
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6to4• In 6to4 an IPv4 gateway add
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6to4192.168.1.1 10.0.0.12002:10:0:0
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6to4 - FreeBSD exampleIn /etc/rc.co
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Teredo• Many transition technolog
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Teredo• Terdo client• The clien
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• Start sequenceTeredo• Decide
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Teredo109
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Cone NATTeredoAs mapping exists in
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Teredo• Client A sends a bubble p
Page 115 and 116:
Teredo• Teredo client starts with
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Translation mechanisms• In additi
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Scenarios• Many operators already
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IPv6 over Circuit MPLSPEPPCircuitPE
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6PEIPv4/IPv6 dual-stackMP-iBGP6PEPP
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What do I need to doto get started?
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Apply for IPv6 addressspace - LIR
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Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
ISP > /48
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ISP > /48
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Make an addressing plan• In the b
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To keep in mind...• Start with co
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Configuration - Cisco IOS• IPv6 i
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FreeBSD• FreeBSD6.3-REL and FreeB
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OS X
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OS X
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Windows Vista
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Windows Vista
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Configuration examples-Applications
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Postfix• In main.cf# IPv6 configu
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Apache2• In httpd.conf• orListe
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IPv6 Neighbour Discovery• Describ
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IPv6 Neighbour Discovery• Router
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Stateless addressautoconfiguration
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IPv6 Anycast addresses• An anycas
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IPv6 Anycast• Required anycast ad
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IPv6 multicast• Flags are defined
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IPv6 multicast• Pre-defined multi
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• Defined in RFC2740• Called OS
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OSPFinterface GigabitEthernet2/1des
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IS-IS179
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!ISIS IOS configurationexampleinter
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BGP and IPv6• BGP will behave exa
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BGP and IPv6address-family ipv6neig
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outer bgp 1!Peer Groupsneighbor ibg
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Prefix-listrouter bgp 1neighbour 20
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IPv6 Tutorial - RIPE 64

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