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Comparative Genomic Hybridization of BGP-2 with closely relatedKistimonas asteriae.Irina S. Severenchuk* and Michelle S. ThomasCampbell UniversityThis study compared the genomes of novel bacteria, designated BGPs, to the most closely related and previouslydescribed species, Kistimonas asteriae which was isolated from the gut of the starfish, Asterias amurenis. The BGPswere previously isolated from the gut of the marine polychaete, Nereis succinea, a surfactant rich environment.Previous rRNA analysis suggests that the BGP isolates will be placed into the phylum Proteobacteria, classGammaproteobacteria, order Oceanospirillales, family Hahellaceae, and genus Kistimonas, with the most closelyrelated species, K. asteriae. The goal of this study was to use hybridization assays to determine genomic similaritybetween K. asteriae and one of the BGP isolates, BGP-2. A slot blot assay was performed by denaturing and dilutingchromosomal DNA. These were applied to nylon membranes and hybridization was performed with synthesizedchromosomal probes. The BGP-2 and K.asteriae probes were labeled with Digoxigenin, and the hybridizedmembranes were immunodetected using chemiluminescence. The technique was first used on Escherichia coliand Micococcus luteus in order to verify the procedure with known and unrelated species. Percent hybridizationwas determined by comparing the self-hybridization signal to the hybridization signal of other species. The BGP-2and K. asteriae results suggest that they are separate species. BGP-2 is of a particular interest because it is surfactantresistant and may have possible use in bioremediation. Also, the genotypic analysis of BPG-2 is fundamental for thetaxonomic assignment of this organism into a genus and species.Digital Video Analysis of Water Waves of Coastal North Carolina.Sharma Ravi and Williams RobertCraven Community College, New Bern, NCThis report presents the results of a project to investigate the feasibility of using digital video analysis to provideintroductory physics students with a better understanding of wave motions than is possible with the presentmethods of instruction. Methods are developed to provide instruction to the students using digital video analysis.Three environments were used in this study: a conventional ripple tank in a physics laboratory, estuarine waterbodies including creeks and rivers, near New Bern, and the surf zone of the ocean at Fort Macon State Park.Measurements of wavelength and wave speed from the video images using a plastic grid placed at the bottom ofthe tank compared well with those made using conventional means in the ripple tank. The measurements madein natural water bodies required the use of simple reference objects to determine scale. We constructed a wavecross consisting of crossed strips of wood painted gold and with black electrical tape markings placed every footon the arms of the cross, to scale wavelength, and a small fishing float to measure wave period. For the largerwaves, we constructed a wave staff painted gold, with tape markings every quarter meter. Similar staffs paintedgreen were also connected with a 3-m line to provide measurements of wavelength in natural water bodies.The measurements in the estuaries compared favorably with results obtained from shallow water wave theory.Measurements in the surf zone of the ocean proved more difficult.The effect of mutating the FMN riboswitch into the permanently offposition on the virulence of P.lumenscens.Lydia B. Shedlofsky*Guilford CollegeThe survival of any organism is dependent on the control of specific gene expression. A common methodof bacterial gene control is a highly conserved segment of RNA called a riboswitch. There are many knownriboswitches which are classified into three types by their method of regulation and into classes based on theligand that they bind. All riboswitches include an aptamer domain and an expression platform. Specific ligandsbind to the aptamer domain causing a conformation change in the expression platform leading to control of66 - NC Academy of Science
gene expression. The Flavin Mononucleotide (FMN) riboswitch directly controls the biosynthesis of riboflavinan essential nutrient involved in metabolism. This manufacturing is controlled by both translational andtranscriptional mechanisms. The transcriptional mechanism is rho-independent and forms a stem loop terminatorsequence when FMN binds to the aptamer in classic negative feedback inhibition. The goal of this study is to testthe hypothesis that mutating the FMN riboswitch into the permanently off position will decrease the virulence ofP.lumenscens.The Antibacterial Effect of Minced Garlic (Allium sativum) Extract onStaphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidisMichelle Sherrill*Lenoir-Rhyne UniversityGarlic has been used throughout history for medicinal purposes and has shown antimicrobial effects in otherstudies. In this study, McCormick Minced Garlic was used to analyze the effect of aqueous garlic extract onStaphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Both bacteria can be found on the skin and in the nasalcavities of humans. S. epidermidis is a nonpathogenic, gram-positive bacterium while S. aureus is a pathogenic,gram-positive bacterium. Antibacterial susceptibility disk tests with different concentrations of extract were usedto examine the antibacterial effect of garlic on S. epidermidis and S. aureus. The results of this study indicate thata high garlic extract concentration of 0.25g/mL has an antibacterial effect on S. aureus. Garlic extract did notappear to have an antibacterial effect on S. epidermidis or S. aureus at a concentration of 0.05g/mL.Comparison of Bovine-derived and Vegetable-derived MagnesiumStearate for Functionality in Direct Compression AcetaminophenTablets.Ramya Shivagari and Mali R. GuptaCampbell UniversityLubricants are critical excipients used specially in the high-speed tableting machinery. Magnesium stearate is onesuch boundary lubricant used widely. Properties of magnesium stearate like low shear stress, high surface area,fatty acid chain in the structure make it suitable for being a good lubricant. Due to increased incidence of bovinediseases, a switch was made from bovine derived to vegetable derived magnesium stearate. There is a need thereforeto establish an equivalence between bovine derived and vegetable derived magnesium stearates for lubricationefficiency. Properties like particle size, specific surface area, bulk properties, type of hydrate, crystallinity are knownto affect the lubrication efficiency. Hence two lots each of the two grades will be subjected to tests like TGA, DSC,PXRD, flow Properties, and density. However it is now considered that lubrication efficiency is indicated bycompression profile of tablets more than any other tests and hence present work focuses on assessing compressionprofile of acetaminophen tablets made by direct compression. Thirteen batches of tablets will be punched andanalyzed for weight variation, hardness and friability. Results so far indicated that vegetable derived magnesiumstearate is more crystalline than the other grade by PXRD. These were also confirmed by DSC results. Hence itis anticipated that magnesium stearate V would turn out to be a better lubricant. However there are many otherfactors influencing the functionality. lubrication efficiency is the result of interplay of many properties.Campbell University - 67
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1:45-3:00 Workshops (select one of
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Lundy-Fetterman School of Business
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Sponsors & ExhibitorsPlatinum Spons
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NCAS Board Members and Officials201
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Schedule and Program - North Carolina Academy of Science

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