Laurier would not be deflected from hisown developing plan. Blair would notsupport him. In the resulting impasse,Laurier decided to ignore Blair, excludinghim from the railway discussions. OnJuly 13, 1903, Blair resigned as Ministerof Railways and Canals.On July 30, Laurier presented his billgiving the go-ahead for the Grand TrunkPacific Railway. Blair stood as a privatemember in the House ofCommons on August 11,1903, to deliver a speechcondemning the GrandTrunk plan. It was a stirringbit of rhetoric, but it hadlittle effect on the plan.On September 29, the billpassed its third reading.In December, Laurierappointed Blair to headthe new Board of RailwayCommissioners. The twoTheBoard of RailwayCommissioners wasthe first independentregulatory bodyestablished by theDominiongovernment.faltering steps was an opportune routefor retreat. And so there he sat on thatfrosty February day in 1904, in an officehe had known well as a cabinet minister.The Board had been given temporaryquarters in the Railway Committee’s oldoffices, in the West Block of theParliament Buildings.But, <strong>des</strong>pite the familiar surroundings,Blair had entered a whole new realm, anuncharted course in Canadianregulation. No one coulddoubt the tremendousauthority that had beenbestowed on the Board. Ithad the full powers of aSuperior Court to hear allrailway complaints and itsdecisions had the force oflaw. It had regulatory powersover construction, operationand safety of railways(except those owned by thegovernment), and on suchmen had not resolved their differences, matters as freight rates, fares, demurragebut the veteran politicians had madeand other charges.expedient choices. Laurier saw that Blair’sproven abilities would be put to good According to the Railway Act, the Boar<strong>du</strong>se as chairman of the new Board, and was to consist of three commissioners,appreciated the advantage of removing each appointed for a ten-year term.him from the House of Commons where Michel E. Bernier, who had been inhe could cause trouble.Laurier’s cabinet as Minister of InlandRevenue and who had sat on the RailwayBlair, for his part, had failed to stop the Committee of the Privy Council withGrand Trunk bill and was short of allies in Blair, was appointed the Deputythe House. The task of leading the new Commissioner. The other member of theBoard, his brainchild, through its firstBoard was James Mills, who had been10Canadian Transportation Agency — 100 Years at the Heart of Transportation
called from his post as the first presidentof the Ontario Agricultural College inGuelph, Ontario.and approved construction and repairson railways and crossings. The AccidentBranch investigated railway accidents.Together the three men set to work toestablish rules and regulations for thenew body. They had no models tofollow. Theirs was the first independentregulatory body established by theDominion government. They would laythe groundwork for a new method ofpublic regulation in <strong>Canada</strong>.The first Annual Report of the Boardshows that the commissioners took uptheir tasks with a great deal of energy.Between February 9 and October 18, theBoard held 62 days of public sittings.Although 38 of those days were spent inOttawa, the Board travelled to Torontofor six days of hearings in June and,between August 8 and September 18, itheld 18 days of sittings in 15 differentlocations between Winnipeg and Victoria.The Board also hired 19 permanentemployees—one of them being Blair’sson and namesake, A.G. Blair Jr., as theBoard’s law clerk—and set up fourdepartments to handle routine work.The Records Department dealt with thepaperwork—complaints received by theboard, orders and decisions issued by theCommissioners as well as investigationscarried out. The Traffic Department dealtwith tariffs and freight classifications.The Engineering Department inspectedThe Board was also establishing itscredentials with the Canadian public.In July 1904, the <strong>Canada</strong> Law Journalreported that “we doubt if even theDominion Government, whichconstituted the Board, has yet realizedthat it has created a Court of suchextended jurisdiction as this Boardpossesses, and which jurisdiction, ifwisely exercised by a tribunal ofcompetent members, will be both asafeguard to the public and a speedymethod of settling differences betweenrailway companies.”But the 60-year-old Blair, busy as he wasmarshalling the Board through itsformative days, had not hung up hisgloves in the political ring. The fall of1904 brought the excitement of a federalelection and fresh battles to be fought.Laurier led his campaign with promisesof a bigger and better <strong>Canada</strong>.The election would yield one of themost often repeated—and misquoted—phrases in Canadian political history.On October 15, The Globe newspaperreported on an election rally for Laurier,at Massey Hall in Toronto. “Let me tellyou, my fellow countrymen, that all thesigns point this way, that the twentiethcentury shall be the century of <strong>Canada</strong>and of Canadian development,” Laurier11Chapter One — ALL A BOARD 1904 TO 1938
- Page 1 and 2: A Centennial Historical Perspective
- Page 3: AcknowledgmentsAcentury ago, on Feb
- Page 7 and 8: Chairman’s MessageIn 2004, the Ca
- Page 9: Dealing with Persons with Disabilit
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- Page 14 and 15: water transportation and with Ameri
- Page 18 and 19: declared. Among Laurier’s promise
- Page 20 and 21: that illustrate the early acceptanc
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- Page 28 and 29: time the Canadian economy entered a
- Page 30 and 31: The next year, the fire inspector r
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- Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER TWOEngines of ChangeThe Boa
- Page 37 and 38: Howe was 49 years old in 1935 whenh
- Page 39 and 40: As the Board reiterated in later wa
- Page 41 and 42: Mackenzie King had made an earlierA
- Page 43 and 44: Wage and price controls were droppe
- Page 45 and 46: this extended period (of freight ra
- Page 47 and 48: development. The Board’s AnnualRe
- Page 49 and 50: moved into the Chief Commissioner
- Page 51 and 52: platform). The Board’s policy app
- Page 53 and 54: Prize. On November 8, 1965, the thi
- Page 55: Notes for Chapter TwoThe Board of T
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The CTC’s policy in this regard i
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CSTM/CN000559things, I want to be a
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government was willing to provide u
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“The reforms that can already be
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Minister Axworthy introduced a newC
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create an agency to replace the Can
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CHAPTER FOURShifting GearsThe Natio
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for a maximum of nine full-time Mem
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compensatory to cover the actual co
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the newspaper report, CNR and CPRwe
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more quickly. The committee alsorec
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Review also noted an increase inint
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Notes for Chapter FourThis chapter
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The Canadian Transportation Agency1
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to make transportation accessible t
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would be responsible for investigat
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The Commissioner was required to ma
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In another obesity case, also invol
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Washington and a field in ruralPenn
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AppendixMembers’ ListBOARD OF RAI
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CANADIAN MARITIME COMMISSIONNAME PO
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B. Keith Penner Member January 1, 1
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Books and ArticlesBercuson, David J