Development of a Calculation Method for Recycling Efficiencies of ...

m batteryscrapm all other input materialProcessingWastem productRE X :REXbatterymXX= X productK ⋅mmit XbatteryK =XXbattery scrapmbattery+ mothersmRE total XY: RE = RE + RE ...battery battery battery+Figure 7: Calculation of recycling efficiency for open loop technology(add to processes)4.4 Calculation ExampleA calculation example for the recycling efficiency of a fictive batteryrecycling process is shown in Figure 8. The inputs are supposed to be200 kg waste batteries (dry weight) and 1000 kg other materials. Bothfractions contain iron, manganese, zinc and carbon amongst others.Hence the K factors of those elements have to be considered.The approved products of this fictive battery recycling process are 400 kgFeMnC alloy and 70 kg Zn dust concentrate. All elements of the alloy canbe taken into account for the calculation of the recycling efficiencyincluding the carbon because it is captured in a product. The Zn dustconcentrate contains zinc, manganese and iron amongst others. Thosethree metals can also be considered for the recycling efficiency, evenMnO 2 , if this compound is clearly proved for the dust composition. In ourexample we assume a different oxide structure (like Fe-Mn-Zn-spinell) andsuch none of the metal oxides are considered as they are nocomponents of a new battery. The iron, manganese and zinc content ofthe slag cannot be taken into account at all because in this example weDevelopment of a Calculation Method for Recycling Efficiencies of Battery Recycling Processes 11