APICULTURE, LAC CULTURE AND SERICULTURE

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Apiculture, Lac Culture and SericultureMODULE - 6BEconomic BiologyNotesFig. 35.1C The bee dance(iii) DronesDrones are the male bees produced from unfertilised eggs. Their production in thehive synchronises with the production of the new (virgin) queens. At the age of14-18 days the drones perform mating flight chasing the virgin queen in the air.Drones can live up to about 60 days, although they are stung and killed after themating.The schematic representation of formation of different castes of bees is shown inFig. 35.2.Queen laysUnifertilized EggsFertilized Eggs↓↓Hatch into LarvaeHatch into Larvae↓↓For first few days fed on “Royal jelly”Fed on “royal jelly”(Saliva of workers) then on honey andfor first few days.pre-digested pollen↓Pupa↓Drones Royal jelly replaced Royal jelly feedingby honey and pre-digested continuedpollen↓↓PupaePupae↓↓QueenWorkersFig. 35.2 Schematic representation of the formation of different castes in honeybee.BIOLOGY115
MODULE - 6BEconomic BiologyNotesApiculture, Lac Culture and SericultureEmergence of new Queen, and Swarming of the old oneWhen the queen gets older (usually in the third year) her body gives out a chemicalstimulus to the workers to construct a few rearing cells for queens. She places onefertilized egg in each of such brood cells. The larvae are fed on royal jelly (salivaof workers). They turn into pupae and then into queens. The first queen to emergefrom the brood cells, kills the remaining ones.Now the old queen takes to swarming along with a mixture of workers of all ages,leaves the old hive to develop a colony at some new site.The new queen in the old hive takes to mating flight with the drones and returnsto the same hive, as described earlier.INTEXT QUESTIONS 35.21. Name the three castes in a honey bee colony............................................................................................................................2. Name the following(i) The caste largest in size..................................................................................................................(ii) The kind of flight which the new virgin queen takes along with the dronesout of the hive..................................................................................................................(iii) The caste produced from unfertilised eggs..................................................................................................................3. What are the main duties of a worker bee in its following day wise age phases(i) Days 1-14 .................................................................................................(ii) Days 14-20 ...............................................................................................(iii) Days 21-35 ...............................................................................................4. What happens to the drones after mating flight?............................................................................................................................35.1.7 Apiculture and commercial production of honeyBees produce honey and wax both of which are valuable and marketable commodities.116(a) Indigenous methods of bee keepingMany villagers make (i) wall or fixed types of hives in rectangular spaces in thewalls with a small hole or (ii) movable types of hives in wooden boxes or earthenpitchers. The traditional beekeepers catch clustered swarms from trees, bushes, etcand transfer them to the above-mentioned spaces. After sometime when the honeyBIOLOGY
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APICULTURE, LAC CULTURE AND SERICULTURE

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