Regulatory and policy options to encourage energy efficiency - unido

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REGULATION AND POLICYMAKING TRAINING MANUALpage 16.643. WHITE CERTIFICATESThe use of tradable energy efficiency certificates (white certificates) might offeran additional way to increase cost efficiency. Similar to green certificate systems,the government puts in place a quota and a fine in order to create a demand forcertificates, but leaves it upto the market players to choose where (location andtarget group) and how (type of technologies and appliances) to develop projects,assuming the most cost effective projects will be realized. As the white certificateswould be tradable, an EDC could decide to realize its own projects, or tobuy white certificates on the market, depending on which option is expected tobe cheaper.4. ANALYSISThe major possible obstacle to an energy target imposed on EDCs is the possiblecomplexity of the system and the methodology and standards to be determinedto measure the savings (as well as the associated monitoring and evaluationaspects) of each proposed action. A calculation methodology, which is as clearand simple as possible, will be a prerequisite for a well-functioning system.Moreover, when considering the cross border trade of white certificates,methodologies will need to be mutually recognized by both importing and exportingcountries. As well as other aspects of White Certificates, the Euro WhiteCertproject is looking into this issue.The expected evolution for Denmark in the near future is a sort of exchangefacility for energy savings to emerge in some form. In the short-term, it is ratherunlikely a white certificate system as described would be implemented.5. CONCLUSIONSEnergy savings policies are generally cheaper than renewable energy policieswhen it comes to reducing CO 2emissions. On the other hand, energy savingsprojects are usually small-scale (household or building level) projects, and thereforeECDs can play a key role as an intermediary between different target groups.
MODULE 16: REGULATORY AND POLICY OPTIONS TO ENCOURAGE ENERGY EFFICIENCYpage 16.65As savings calculations and evaluation methodologies tend to become complex,it will be crucial for governments to keep these as clear and simple as possible.Finally the introduction of white certificates might offer an effective means tofurther develop energy reduction potential through the most cost-effectivemeasures.6. REFERENCESIEA, Summary of conclusions and recommendations, In-depth Review of Danish EnergyPolicies, (2006), www.iea.orgIEA, Energy Efficiency the Danish Way, Newsletter of the International Energy AgencyDemand-Side management programme, (July 2006), dsm.iea.orgEuro White Cert, Stepwise towards effective European energy efficiency policy portfoliosinvolving white certificates, www.ewc.polimi.it/index.php
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Regulatory and policy options to encourage energy efficiency - unido

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