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Isolated specimens of rainforest plant species, including some large trees canbe found growing on the lee of the foredune, out of the wind and with accessto a likely lens of freshwater stored within the dune itself. These plants do notexhibit any real canopy linkage or closure and do not constitute ‘rainforest’ perse but they do indicate suitable conditions for the establishment of a littoralrainforest in the absence of fire. Indeed scattered seedlings and specimens ofthe more pioneering and fire tolerant species (a very few littoral rainforestplants can survive from coppicing from below ground after fire) can be seenacross the whole of the peninsula.It is highly likely that fires are an anthropogenic feature of the peninsula, and itis further likely that the frequency and maybe intensity of fire increased afterEuropean settlement. The fact that there are large mature specimens ofrainforest trees (which obviously established safe from fires) but very fewseedlings around them (removed by more recent fires) raises the possibilitythat fire frequency, intensity or both have increased during the lifetime ofthese large trees. It seems probable that a thin band of littoral rainforestexisted along the lee of the front dune at the time of European settlement andthat this has deteriorated through a lack of recruitment to its present state.Native plant species recorded from littoral rainforest are listed at Appendix A.Weed species recorded for littoral rainforest are listed below:Lantana Lantana camara scatteredBitou bushChrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. scatteredrotundataFive-leaved Morning Ipomoea cairicascatteredGloryYellow Senna Senna pendula occasionalThe patches of littoral rainforest on Gagal Wanggan contain only modestlevels of weed disturbance predominantly Lantana and to a lesser extentBitou and Yellow Senna. The weeds exist as scattered plants most numerousalong the edges of the creek and under gaps in the canopy. Scattered plantsof Five-leaved Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica), a vine, can be found alongthe banks of the creek.The ecological significance of this vegetation type, the small area involvedand the low density of weed occurrence give weed control in these areas ahigh priority. Further, these factors also allow the employment of low risktechniques such as hand removal. Hand pulling of seedlings and cut-andpaintusing glyphosate for larger specimens is recommended. Following theinitial and follow up control, two passes a year will be necessary formaintenance control of new seeds brought by birds and floods.A short distance across Warrell Creek similar littoral rainforest is infested withClimbing Asparagus (Protasparagus plumosus) and vigilance will be requiredto quickly identify and remove any seedlings without delay.Caring for our Country Gaagal Wanggaan Weed Management Strategy 24
Treatment schedule for littoral rainforest (and significant cultural sites)Primarytreatmenttask frequency techniqueremoval of standing plantsof all weed speciesthree times per year backpackspraying or handpullingmonitoring once per year as describedSecondarytreatmentremoval of weed seedlings twice per year hand removal(spraying ifnecessary)monitoring once per year as describedmaintenancetreatmentremoval of weed seedlingsall speciestwice per yearhand removalmonitoring once per year as describedCaring for our Country Gaagal Wanggaan Weed Management Strategy 25
Page 1 and 2: Gaagal Wanggaan National Park(Warre
Page 3: Gaagal Wanggaan - Weed Management S
Page 6 and 7: a growing medium with very serious
Page 8 and 9: The time required for successful pr
Page 10 and 11: The following control strategy and
Page 12 and 13: and-paint (all weedspecies)Aerial s
Page 14 and 15: Caring for our Country Gaagal Wangg
Page 18 and 19: which generally occur as ground cov
Page 20 and 21: (offshore) breeze which will carry
Page 22 and 23: for dunefront restoration should be
Page 26 and 27: Estuarine wetlandsEstuarine wetland
Page 28 and 29: maintenancetreatmentremoval of weed
Page 30 and 31: Photo 5. dry sclerophyll forest at
Page 32 and 33: monitoring once per year as describ
Page 36 and 37: APPENDIX APlant species recorded fo
Page 38 and 39: Wonga Vine Pandorea jasminoides oSa
Page 40: APPENDIX BFormulation and mode of a

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