Ch 40 SM10c.pdf - Diving Medicine for SCUBA Divers

All divers are encouraged to undergo additional training in resuscitation and O 2administration. This should be mandatory for dive masters and dive instructors.Cases such as gas embolism and decompression sickness generally require 100% inspiredO 2 from the outset. A system capable of delivering 100% O 2 must be chosen. Even then, anill fitting mask may allow air to be breathed around the seal, diluting the O 2 . Attention to themask fit and attachment is necessary to prevent this. It is especially likely if the patientsleeps. If a demand valve is used, make sure the patient does not breathe air through the noseat the same time. This can be prevented by using a nose clip (improvise if necessary) or adiver's face mask.Whenever O 2 is administered there is a serious fire hazard since increased concentrations ofO 2 accelerate burning and can make ordinarily non-combustible materials burn furiously. Thearea where the O 2 is administered should be well ventilated and sources of ignition andcombustible materials (including cigarettes) should be avoided. The system should be turnedon slowly and should be tried and running before it is applied to the patient's face.Further information may be obtained from the text "Oxygen First Aid for Divers"— by JohnLippmann, J.L. Publications, Australia.Guedel AirwaysFig 40.4A portable oxygen resuscitator. This system allows positive pressure ventilation with 100% O 2for a non-breathing diver, or passive demand supply for a breathing diver. A long supply hosecan be fitted to a larger cylinder containing 100%O 2 for prolonged use. The airways and suctionappliance are includedChapter 40 — 7