Desmond Ball.pdf - Informa Australia

• Organisationally, the PLA has consolidated the computer andnetwork attack missions together with Electronic Warfare intoan ‘Integrated Network Electronic Warfare’ (INEW) activityunder the General Staff Department’s 4 th (ElectronicCountermeasures) Department. Computer network defencehas apparently been included with cyber-espionage in the 3 rd(Signals Intelligence) Department. Specialised IW militia unitsalso share some aspects of these missions.• In addition, the Chinese military and intelligence agencies areable to readily utilise the corporate sector, including not onlystate-owned telecommunications carriers such as ChinaTelecom Corporation but also so-called ‘private’ companieswhich provide telecommunications and informationtechnologies and services.