McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Engineering Second Edition

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McGraw-HillDictionary ofEngineeringSecondEditionMcGraw-HillNew York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London MadridMexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul SingaporeSydney Toronto
Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under theUnited States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproducedor distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database orretrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.0-07-141799-0The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title:0-07-141050-3All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put atrademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we usenames in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner,with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designationsappear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps.McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use aspremiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. Formore information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, atgeorge_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069.TERMS OF USEThis is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work issubject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile,disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative worksbased upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense thework or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use thework for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the workis strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you failto comply with these terms.THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICEN-SORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCU-RACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BEOBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMA-TION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPER-LINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY,EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIEDWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICU-LAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guaranteethat the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that itsoperation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor itslicensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission,regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom.McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessedthrough the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensorsbe liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential orsimilar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even ifany of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitationof liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether suchclaim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise.DOI: 10.1036/0071417990
Page 4 and 5: ContentsPreface ...................
Page 6 and 7: PrefaceThe McGraw-Hill Dictionary o
Page 8 and 9: How to Use the DictionaryALPHABETIZ
Page 10 and 11: Fields and Their Scopebuilding cons
Page 12 and 13: Pronunciation KeyVowelsConsonantsa
Page 14 and 15: ABSABS See antilock braking system.
Page 16 and 17: acceleration of gravityacceleration
Page 18 and 19: acme threadacme thread See acme scr
Page 20 and 21: active areaactive area [ELECTR] The
Page 22 and 23: adjustable parallelsadjustable para
Page 24 and 25: afterrunningafterrunning [MECH ENG]
Page 26 and 27: air conditioningair conditioning [M
Page 28 and 29: air-lock stripatmosphere, or betwee
Page 30 and 31: air-water jetmoist air is cooled be
Page 32 and 33: altitude chamberdetermined by rotat
Page 34 and 35: analytical nadir-point triangulatio
Page 36 and 37: angle back-pressure valveangle back
Page 38 and 39: angular bitstalkengine and the virt
Page 40 and 41: antiskid plate[ENG] The condition f
Page 42 and 43: architectural millworkmaterials and
Page 44 and 45: artificial voiceartificial variable
Page 46 and 47: asynchronous devicean operation dep
Page 48 and 49: autogenous healingautogenous healin
Page 50 and 51: automatic-type belt-tensioning devi
Page 52 and 53:
avalanche oscillatorin a high-volta
Page 54 and 55:
azimuth markerflight line; used ext
Page 56 and 57:
ackingbacking [CIV ENG] 1. The unex
Page 58 and 59:
aguettebaguette See bead molding. {
Page 60 and 61:
all grinderpointer adjacent to a ca
Page 62 and 63:
ang-bang controlbang-bang control [
Page 64 and 65:
arrels per calendar daysection; cap
Page 66 and 67:
asic feasible solutionbasic feasibl
Page 68 and 69:
ayonet-tube exchangerbayonet base o
Page 70 and 71:
Bedaux planthe unit is placed horiz
Page 72 and 73:
ending ironmaking sharply angular l
Page 74 and 75:
ifilar micrometerbifilar micrometer
Page 76 and 77:
lackbody temperatureblackbody tempe
Page 78 and 79:
lock brakea rope or other flexible
Page 80 and 81:
ody forceduring Poinsot motion. Als
Page 82 and 83:
Bond’s third theoryof cracks form
Page 84 and 85:
oundary frictiondonor and acceptor
Page 86 and 87:
andysuch a network by a signal-flow
Page 88 and 89:
idgewallbridgewall [MECH ENG] A wal
Page 90 and 91:
ucket-ladder excavatorknown as buck
Page 92 and 93:
ump contactnumber used in the study
Page 94 and 95:
utton bitbutton bit [DES ENG] A dri
Page 96 and 97:
caissoncaisson [CIV ENG] 1. A water
Page 98 and 99:
cantilever bridgeto measure the for
Page 100 and 101:
carbon canistercarbon canister See
Page 102 and 103:
cascade compensationso that they mu
Page 104 and 105:
cathetometercathetometer [ENG] An i
Page 106 and 107:
center of gravitycenter of gravity
Page 108 and 109:
centrifuge refiningand rotated at v
Page 110 and 111:
channel ironback and forth on a tra
Page 112:
chemical film dielectricsuch work;
Page 115 and 116:
clamping platemay alter appreciably
Page 117 and 118:
clearance volume{P (n 2 a/[T(V c)
Page 119 and 120:
cloud testwith radio to position an
Page 121 and 122:
cogresulting from a unit increase i
Page 123 and 124:
collector currentcold flow [MECH] C
Page 125 and 126:
command, control, communications, a
Page 127 and 128:
compensating networkto consolidate
Page 129 and 130:
compressionresulting system is stro
Page 131 and 132:
concrete caisson sinking2. A rail t
Page 133 and 134:
confinementconductive interference
Page 135 and 136:
contact condensersingle pan (togeth
Page 137 and 138:
contraction crackbucket elevator on
Page 139 and 140:
cooling correction[IND ENG] In stat
Page 141 and 142:
corona currentcubic feet (approxima
Page 143 and 144:
counterblow hammerdirection between
Page 145 and 146:
crank throwpipe. [MECH ENG] The mec
Page 147 and 148:
crossed-field devicecritical densit
Page 149 and 150:
crystal cartridgecrown saw [DES ENG
Page 151 and 152:
current gainknown as cusum chart. {
Page 153 and 154:
cutting incut nail [DES ENG] A flat
Page 155 and 156:
cylindrical grinderother fluids by
Page 157 and 158:
Ddac See digital-to-analog converte
Page 159 and 160:
decelerationdead rail [CIV ENG] One
Page 161 and 162:
deflectometerlists ascent rates and
Page 163 and 164:
De Nora cellproblem, certain functi
Page 165 and 166:
design headdepropanizer [CHEM ENG]
Page 167 and 168:
diabaticdetonator [ENG] A device, s
Page 169 and 170:
die castingdiamond matrix [DES ENG]
Page 171 and 172:
differential motiondiesinking [ENG]
Page 173 and 174:
diode characteristicdiffusion pump
Page 175 and 176:
directiondipstick [ENG] A graduated
Page 177 and 178:
disk leather wheelis released to th
Page 179 and 180:
divebe separately distinguishable b
Page 181 and 182:
dotcarry such things as furniture,
Page 183 and 184:
downcomerjoints with an intermediat
Page 185 and 186:
dressingwhich it is suspended. Also
Page 187 and 188:
droop governorwork in repetition dr
Page 189 and 190:
dry sievingdry abrasive cutting [ME
Page 191 and 192:
Dupré equationduct [MECH ENG] A fl
Page 193 and 194:
dynedynamic behavior [ENG] A descri
Page 195 and 196:
EE See electric-field vector.earth
Page 197 and 198:
efficiencythus lowering flue gas te
Page 199 and 200:
electricalelastic constant See comp
Page 201 and 202:
electric ignitionelectric cell [ELE
Page 203 and 204:
electroexplosiveelectroacoustic eff
Page 205 and 206:
electronic chart displayelectron be
Page 207 and 208:
electrostrictionor liquid polarizat
Page 209 and 210:
end millsuspended solid particles a
Page 211 and 212:
envelopewith ignition and rapid com
Page 213 and 214:
equivalent nitrogen pressurecircuit
Page 215 and 216:
eventthe skin must be separated in
Page 217 and 218:
explosion rupture disk deviceexpand
Page 219 and 220:
eye screwexternal thread [DES ENG]
Page 221 and 222:
FF See farad.the face to provide an
Page 223 and 224:
fatigue limitshaft); it is expresse
Page 225 and 226:
feedwater heatercontrolled by feedi
Page 227 and 228:
filamentmeasure of the rotation rat
Page 229 and 230:
finite element methodprovides a sit
Page 231 and 232:
fish leador tank that holds water t
Page 233 and 234:
flank angletransducer is not consta
Page 235 and 236:
Flemish garden wall bondcontinuousl
Page 237 and 238:
floodto finish the surface of fresh
Page 239 and 240:
fluid distributorflowing-temperatur
Page 241 and 242:
flywheelflange is formed around a h
Page 243 and 244:
foresightof the suction pipe of a p
Page 245 and 246:
fracture stressthat would endanger
Page 247 and 248:
frequency-response curvealmost iner
Page 249 and 250:
functional analysisof a track to cr
Page 251 and 252:
fuzzy systemfused-junction transist
Page 253 and 254:
Gg See gram.a part in a jig, fixtur
Page 255 and 256:
GasFETthin, parallel saws are arran
Page 257 and 258:
gear drive(such as water vapor, hyd
Page 259 and 260:
getof the principal head or owner.
Page 261 and 262:
glue-line heatinggin tackle tackle
Page 263 and 264:
granularitymade up of a crane carry
Page 265 and 266:
grease trapthe particles from some
Page 267 and 268:
grounded-base connectionand sorting
Page 269 and 270:
gudgeonground surveillance radar [E
Page 271 and 272:
gyro wheelgusset plate [CIV ENG] A
Page 273 and 274:
Hha See hectare.producing as output
Page 275 and 276:
hard-surfacebasically a telescope w
Page 277 and 278:
heatchromium, and lead compounds. A
Page 279 and 280:
heavy force fitresulting from an in
Page 281 and 282:
heterodyne frequency metermeasure o
Page 283 and 284:
high-vacuum insulationhigh-frequenc
Page 285 and 286:
Holme mud samplerelectric hoisting
Page 287 and 288:
horizontal force instrumentover whi
Page 289 and 290:
Houdry hydrocrackingHotchkiss super
Page 291 and 292:
hydraulic classifieran automatic co
Page 293 and 294:
hydroseparatorhydrocarbon blending
Page 295 and 296:
hysteretic dampinghypoid gear [MECH
Page 297 and 298:
II beam [CIV ENG] A rolled iron or
Page 299 and 300:
impregnateimpactometer See impactor
Page 301 and 302:
indicator diagramincomplete lubrica
Page 303 and 304:
inelastic stresson an object as a r
Page 305 and 306:
injection electroluminescencerepres
Page 307 and 308:
instrument shelterwhich measures th
Page 309 and 310:
intelligent vehicle highway systems
Page 311 and 312:
international practical temperature
Page 313 and 314:
ion microprobe mass spectrometerinv
Page 315 and 316:
isothermal processisoconcentration
Page 317 and 318:
JJ See joule.mechanical equivalent
Page 319 and 320:
Jolly balancework performed, the fa
Page 321 and 322:
just tonnonlinear closed-loop contr
Page 323 and 324:
KK See cathode.that they rotate wit
Page 325 and 326:
king postkey seat See keyway. { kē
Page 327 and 328:
Kullenberg piston corerknife-edge b
Page 329 and 330:
Ll See liter.lactometer [ENG] A hyd
Page 331 and 332:
large-systems control theoryperpend
Page 333 and 334:
lay-upfusion, sublimation or vapori
Page 335 and 336:
left-laidleaf spring [DES ENG] A be
Page 337 and 338:
light-activated silicon controlled
Page 339 and 340:
linear scanninglimited-degree-of-fr
Page 341 and 342:
liquid-sorbent dehumidifierlintel [
Page 343 and 344:
location fitdull as a result of bec
Page 345 and 346:
loopthe faulty card and replacing i
Page 347 and 348:
low-pass filterenergy, which it rad
Page 349 and 350:
lysimeterlug [DES ENG] A projection
Page 351 and 352:
Mm See meter.clamped in the chuck o
Page 353 and 354:
magnetoelectronicsmagnitude of the
Page 355 and 356:
M-A-N scavenging systemmajor diamet
Page 357 and 358:
matstone or concrete blocks set in
Page 359 and 360:
mean stressdesignated length of tim
Page 361 and 362:
mechanical unitsby a spring, and a
Page 363 and 364:
messengerother. Also known as membr
Page 365 and 366:
microacceleratometerhydraulic braki
Page 367 and 368:
microreactormicrogravity [MECH] A s
Page 369 and 370:
minor diameter3 millihg See millime
Page 371 and 372:
modulationproduct of desired compos
Page 373 and 374:
momentumexit gases and that of mois
Page 375 and 376:
moving-coil galvanometerto turn the
Page 377 and 378:
multiple-purpose testermuller [ENG]
Page 379 and 380:
NN See newton.bottle; reversing wat
Page 381 and 382:
neuristorsales agreement made by a
Page 383 and 384:
noisethe line joining them, and has
Page 385 and 386:
normal-incidence pyrheliometerinflu
Page 387 and 388:
Nusselt equationphosphorus pentoxid
Page 389 and 390:
OOBA See octave-band analyzer.equip
Page 391 and 392:
ombroscopesteam, and waste-treatmen
Page 393 and 394:
operation process chartgrinder with
Page 395 and 396:
orbital angular momentumdetermines
Page 397 and 398:
output-meter adaptera screen of sui
Page 399 and 400:
oxide passivationoverload [CIV ENG]
Page 401 and 402:
PPa See pascal.hole being grouted t
Page 403 and 404:
parametrized voice response systemp
Page 405 and 406:
patentseparates the sashes in a dou
Page 407 and 408:
Penning trappellet cooler [CHEM ENG
Page 409 and 410:
permeameterperformance curves [ENG]
Page 411 and 412:
phonemic synthesizerrent values. {
Page 413 and 414:
photogoniometera photocell and mete
Page 415 and 416:
piezoelectric elementwork with this
Page 417 and 418:
pinch-tube processpillar crane [MEC
Page 419 and 420:
pitmanpipe-thread protector See thr
Page 421 and 422:
plastic deformationcating the workp
Page 423 and 424:
plumb bondblow-molding large parts
Page 425 and 426:
point systempnpn transistor See npn
Page 427 and 428:
porcupine boilersections or lengths
Page 429 and 430:
potentiometerpump in which a measur
Page 431 and 432:
power resistorpowder, usually again
Page 433 and 434:
press polishprecipitator See electr
Page 435 and 436:
pressurizeby which the wind drag is
Page 437 and 438:
principle of virtual workprimer [EN
Page 439 and 440:
program controlsystems-engineering
Page 441 and 442:
proportioning probeto a member or s
Page 443 and 444:
pulse altimeterquickly computing ce
Page 445 and 446:
purlinamplitude is proportional to
Page 447 and 448:
QQ [THERMO] A unit of heat energy,
Page 449 and 450:
quick returnthat bores parallel hol
Page 451 and 452:
Rrabbet [ENG] 1. A groove cut into
Page 453 and 454:
adioacoustic rangingacross the tire
Page 455 and 456:
ailheadmicrowave radiometer; radiom
Page 457 and 458:
Rankine-Hugoniot equationsram trave
Page 459 and 460:
eactance dropis proportional to the
Page 461 and 462:
econnaissanceand converting them in
Page 463 and 464:
eference planematerials from scrap
Page 465 and 466:
egeneratorconversion of petroleum n
Page 467 and 468:
elief holepropellant to the force o
Page 469 and 470:
eset raterepeater [ELEC] See repeat
Page 471 and 472:
esonancecalled electrical resistanc
Page 473 and 474:
everse feedbackaround a storage tan
Page 475 and 476:
ight-of-wayshowing the similarity b
Page 477 and 478:
Roberts’ linkageDerived from rela
Page 479 and 480:
olling contactrodding [ENG] An oper
Page 481 and 482:
otary furnacediagram, named after i
Page 483 and 484:
outingpoint of the body remaining f
Page 485 and 486:
Rzeppa jointor repaired machinery o
Page 487 and 488:
SS See siemens.used to transport su
Page 489 and 490:
sand pumptime. spaced in { sampəld
Page 491 and 492:
scanning proton microprobesaw bit [
Page 493 and 494:
Scotch yokepath in a 746-kilowatt f
Page 495 and 496:
seadromeshank and a slotted, recess
Page 497 and 498:
sedimentation tankthe primary treat
Page 499 and 500:
self-tapping screwpolymeric barrier
Page 501 and 502:
sequential collation of rangefor ai
Page 503 and 504:
settlementservo loop See single-loo
Page 505 and 506:
shearing machineshafts or tubes to
Page 507 and 508:
shockfluid; one fluid passes throug
Page 509 and 510:
shrink ringoverhead with the distil
Page 511 and 512:
sigma-delta modulatoroff the traver
Page 513 and 514:
simultaneity2. The horizontal overf
Page 515 and 516:
Six’s thermometerto be effective,
Page 517 and 518:
slewingacoustical (sonic) logging i
Page 519 and 520:
slot washerslip form [CIV ENG] A na
Page 521 and 522:
snatch blocksmart structures [ENG]
Page 523 and 524:
solar pondsoda pulping process [CHE
Page 525 and 526:
sonar boomer transducercal, and oth
Page 527 and 528:
sound-level meterthe distance betwe
Page 529 and 530:
spark-coil leak detectorthrough rad
Page 531 and 532:
Sperry processheat required to rais
Page 533 and 534:
split-ring core lifterbaffles and p
Page 535 and 536:
spring gravimeterform until a shell
Page 537 and 538:
stability matrixa square whose side
Page 539 and 540:
standard outputseveral means and as
Page 541 and 542:
station roofstate of strain [MECH]
Page 543 and 544:
steam turbinesteam dryer [MECH ENG]
Page 545 and 546:
stiffleg derrickstep-recovery diode
Page 547 and 548:
straight beamdeflection curves each
Page 549 and 550:
stress ellipsoidmeasured to find st
Page 551 and 552:
stub axlethat strips a molded artic
Page 553 and 554:
subtractive synthesisof a compound
Page 555 and 556:
supersonic compressoris obtained: i
Page 557 and 558:
surface waveon opposite sides of a
Page 559 and 560:
switchreached, or the failure of a
Page 561 and 562:
synthol processfunction of frequenc
Page 563 and 564:
Tt See troy system.house fighter-ty
Page 565 and 566:
tape recorderholding, storing, or t
Page 567 and 568:
technical specificationsdefinable s
Page 569 and 570:
temperature profile recordersliding
Page 571 and 572:
theoretical cutoff frequencymade. A
Page 573 and 574:
thermal shockthermal effusion See t
Page 575 and 576:
thermoelectric materialgage that de
Page 577 and 578:
thin-film integrated circuitthermop
Page 579 and 580:
thrust bearingthree terminals used
Page 581 and 582:
timing beltof track and tilted 15%
Page 583 and 584:
tool-length compensationpassage in
Page 585 and 586:
total heatpipe) to the recording pe
Page 587 and 588:
trailer2. The process of following
Page 589 and 590:
transition frequencyby heat and pre
Page 591 and 592:
trapwould be required to transport
Page 593 and 594:
trigger bolttreater [CHEM ENG] A ve
Page 595 and 596:
tube seatounce is the same as that
Page 597 and 598:
turns ratiocharacteristic (the curr
Page 599 and 600:
typhonTyndallization [ENG] Heat ste
Page 601 and 602:
UU-bend die [MECH ENG] A die with a
Page 603 and 604:
unijunction transistorholes into wh
Page 605 and 606:
updraft furnaceunit stress [MECH] T
Page 607 and 608:
VV See electric potential; volt.spe
Page 609 and 610:
variable-area meterchamber and forc
Page 611 and 612:
velocity-type flowmeterruns in a pu
Page 613 and 614:
via pointmeasures the vertical comp
Page 615 and 616:
viscometer gagewhen a soft-iron slu
Page 617 and 618:
voltage regulationgenerating an aco
Page 619 and 620:
vulcanizationvolumes of gases, liqu
Page 621 and 622:
WWacker process [CHEM ENG] A proces
Page 623 and 624:
water swivelwaste pipe [CIV ENG] A
Page 625 and 626:
weightMEK (methyl ethyl ketone) deo
Page 627 and 628:
wide-flange beamwet-bulb thermomete
Page 629 and 630:
wire trainflow, thermometry, and me
Page 631 and 632:
wrenchworking profile See working e
Page 633 and 634:
XX engine [MECH ENG] An in-line eng
Page 635 and 636:
Yyard [CIV ENG] A facility for buil
Page 637 and 638:
Zzee [CIV ENG] A metal member whose
Page 639 and 640:
AppendixCopyright 2003 by The McGra
Page 641 and 642:
AppendixEquivalents of commonly use
Page 643 and 644:
AppendixC. Units of volumeUnits m 3
Page 645 and 646:
AppendixG. Units of energyg massUni
Page 647 and 648:
AppendixElectrical and magnetic uni
Page 649 and 650:
AppendixGeneral rules of integratio
Page 651 and 652:
AppendixSchematic electronic symblo
Page 653 and 654:
641Appendix
Page 655:
643Appendix
show all

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