Optimization of physico-chemical parameters for the extraction of ...

J. Acad. Indus. Res. Vol. 1(4) September 2012 184The solution was soaked for 1 d and 3 d respectively.After the soaking time, the solution was filtered usingWhatman No.1 filter paper and the filtrate solution washeated to 78C and 65C and made up to 50 mL withdistilled water and hexane and incubated for 2 h.Estimation of the compounds: Total phenolic content andcinnamaldehyde was estimated according to the methodof Folin-Denis (Schanderl, 1970). Eugenol was estimatedaccording to the method of (Olcay, 1968).Results and discussionDifferent organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol,ethyl acetate and water were used to extract theoptimum yield of cinnamaldehyde, total phenolic contentand eugenol from cinnamon species. Forcinnamaldehyde and total phenolic content, methanolshowed best results and the concentrations were 23.625mg/L, 9 mg/L respectively. For eugenol, ethanol showedbest results and its concentration was 12.4 mg/L (Fig. 1).The samples were incubated under proper conditions atdifferent time intervals viz., 1, 2, 3 and 4 d to investigatethe influence on extraction of cinnamaldehyde and totalphenolic content and eugenol. It was observed that 3 rdwas the best soaking time for the extraction ofcinnamaldehyde and total phenolic content and theconcentrations were 30.2 mg/L, 10.8 mg/L. Second daywas suitable for the extraction of eugenol and itsconcentration was 12.5 mg/L (Fig. 2).To investigate the influence of hexane on extraction ofcinnamaldehyde, total phenolic content and eugenoldifferent time intervals were taken viz., 1, 2, 3 and 4 h.Solvent-Solvent extraction was done with hexane as oneof the solvent. The optimum concentrations wereobserved at 2 nd h and concentrations were 30.4 mg/L,10.9 mg/L and 12.6 mg/L respectively (Fig. 3). Differentparticle size viz., 354, 328, 250, 205, 149, 125 and 74microns were used to find out the optimumconcentrations of cinnamaldehyde, total phenolic contentand eugenol. The present investigation suggests that theextraction of cinnamaldehyde, total phenolic content andeugenol at different particle sizes indicates that theoptimum particle size was 125 microns for extraction ofcinnamaldehyde, total phenolic content and eugenol. Theoptimum concentrations were 30.5 mg/L, 11 mg/L and12.8 mg/L (Fig. 4). Percentage of the solvent plays a vitalrole for the extraction of components. Different solvent(methanol and ethanol) percentages namely 0%, 20%,40%, 50%, 60%, 80% and 100% showed significantvariations. Figure 4 showed that optimum solventpercentages were at 50% methanol for bothcinnamaldehyde and total phenolic content and 80%ethanol for eugenol and the concentrations were 31mg/L, 11.2 mg/L and 13.5 mg/L respectively. Theobserved results for eugenol were found to becoincidence with the results obtained by Kamaliroosta etal. (2012) for cinnamaldehyde. The total phenolic contentresults coincide with the findings of Kubo et al. (1996)(Fig. 5).CA, TPC and Eugenol (mg/L)CA, TPC and Eugenol (mg/L)CA, TPC and Eugenol (mg/L)CA, TPC and Eugenol (mg/L)Fig. 1. Effect of different solvents for the extraction ofphenolic components.Fig. 2. Effect of soaking time for the extraction ofphenolic components.Soaking time (day)Fig. 3. Effect of extraction time with hexane for theextraction of phenolic components.Extraction time (h)Fig. 4. Effect of different particle size for the extraction ofphenolic components.Particle size (micron)©Youth Education and Research Trust (YERT) Sree Satya et al., 2012