Muscular effort and musculo-skeletal disorders in piano students - epm
Muscular effort and musculo-skeletal disorders in piano students - epm
Muscular effort and musculo-skeletal disorders in piano students - epm
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Table 4. Site, forra of onset <strong>and</strong> characteristics of the most commonly reported <strong>disorders</strong> of the locomotor apparatus.Disorder Lumbar Dorsal CervicalUppe rTrapezius Shoulders Forearms WristsNumber of subjects 22 19 21 15 9 16 10with disorder* (109; 123) (119; 83) (99; 123) (11q; 4 ó ) (59; 4J) (9Y; 73) (59; 53)Percentage of 117 19 16 18 13 8 14 8When 01 at 4% 5% 5% 6% 11% 25% 40%No. % beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g (of 20)0218% 16% 15% 27% 44% 50% 40%after 1 h0464% 64% 68% 60% 44% 19% 10%after 2 h08when notplay<strong>in</strong>g23% 10% 25% 13% 11% 6% 40%For how 1 year 47% 47% 25% 46% 25% 33% 40%long (of 19) (of 17) (of 20) (of 13) (of 8) (of 15)2 year 26%. 17% 20% 15% 25% 27% 10%3 year 21% 35% 45% 15% 25% 7% 30%4 year 5% 5% 15% 13% 10%
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