The Respiratory Cycle

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Resistance to Airflow (2 of 2) – (2) pulmonary compliance • the ease with which the lungs can expand • the change in lung volume relative to a given pressure change • compliance reduced by degenerative lung diseases in which the lungs are stiffened by scar tissue – (3) surface tension of the alveoli and distal bronchioles • surfactant – reduces surface tension of water • infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) – premature babies • See next slide!
More About Alveolar Surface Tension • thin film of water needed for gas exchange (Henry’s Law) – Thin film of water creates surface tension – Force that must be overcome to expand lung tissue – Force that acts to collapse alveoli and distal bronchioles (along with elastic component of lung tissue) • pulmonary surfactant produced by the great alveolar cells – decreases surface tension by disrupting the hydrogen bonding in water – As lungs collapse, thickness of water within alveoli thickens, more layers of water molecules stack on top of each other to form 3D lattice of water molecules interconnected by H Bonds. Surfactant disrupts this lattice making reinflation of lungs easier!!! • premature infants that lack surfactant suffer from infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) – great difficulty in breathing – treated with artificial surfactant until lungs can produce own
Page 1 and 2: Chapter 22 The Respiratory Cycle
Page 3 and 4: Physics, Inspiration & Respiration
Page 5 and 6: Inspiration & Boyle’s Law • int
Page 7 and 8: Expiration • relaxed breathing -
Page 9: Airflow (1 of 2) • pressure is on

The Respiratory Cycle

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