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4.3 SELinux /etc/selinux/config SELINUX enforcing # vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=enforcing # #SELINUX=disabled # # reboot getenforce SELinux Enforcing # getenforce Enforcing 4.3.5 4 • (user) • (role) • (type) • MLS Multi Level Security :::MLS SELinux Apache Web httpd httpd_t 4.3.6 SELinux -Z www.lpi.or.jp 120 (C) LPI-Japan
4 ls -lZ Apache Web httpd # ls -lZ /var/www drwxr-xr-x. root root system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_script_exec_t:s0 cgi-bin drwxr-xr-x. root root system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 error drwxr-xr-x. root root system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 html drwxr-xr-x. root root system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 icons /var/www/html /var/www/icons Web httpd_sys_content_t /var/www/html /var/www/html index.html index.html httpd_sys_content_t # touch /var/www/html/index.html # ls -lZ /var/www/html/index.html -rw-r--r--. root root unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 /var/www/h tml/index.html ps axZ httpd httpd_t [root@server ~]# service httpd start httpd : [ OK ] [root@server ~]# ps axZ | grep httpd unconfined_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 27104 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd unconfined_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 27106 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd SELinux httpd httpd_t httpd_sys_content_t read www.lpi.or.jp 121 (C) LPI-Japan
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Linux LPI-Japan 2015-04-16
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7 Linux Linux Linux OS Red
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LPIC Linux Web 1 1 W
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sato • 1 • 2 • 3
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i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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2.2 network NetworkManager . . . .
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4.1.10 umask . . . . . . . . . . .
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6.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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1.1 fined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.
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1.1 # passwd suzuki suzuki : su
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1.2 1.2.1 1 () # id suzuki ui
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1.2 # id suzuki uid=501(suzuki) gi
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1.3 $ ll 0 -rw-rw-r--. 1 suzuki s
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1.3 $ chmod u-x testdir $ ls -l
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1.3 Account expires : never Minimu
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1.3 drwx------. 26 sato sato 4096
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1.4 SSH 1.4.2 SSH CentOS OpenSSH
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1.4 SSH RX packets:19972 errors:0
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1.4 SSH 1.4.8 SSH SSH Linux ssh-
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1.4 SSH ~/.ssh id_rsa.pub id_r
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1.4 SSH authorized_keys SELinux
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1.4 SSH [sshuser@client ~]$ ssh ss
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1.4 SSH 1.1 IP IP SSH OK 2.
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1.4 SSH 1.4 1.4.15 Tera Term T
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1.4 SSH 1.7 From: TeraTerm SSH SC
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1.5 root OpenSSH /etc/ssh/sshd_con
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1.5 root 1.5.3 su su root root
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1.5 root #2) Think before you type
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1.5 root 28608 pts/0 S 0:00 su - h
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2.1 TX packets:45 errors:0 dropped
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2.1 ARP ARP ip neighbor show ar
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2.1 udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:
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2.1 Transceiver: internal Auto-neg
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2.3 # chkconfig network on # chkco
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2.3 2.3.5 /etc/services /etc/ser
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2.4 iptables NAPT(IP ) IP 1 IP
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2.4 iptables INPUT OUTPUT FORWARD
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2.4 iptables # system-config-firew
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2.5 DHCP 5. system-config-firewa
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2.5 DHCP range 192.168.0.200 192.1
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2.5 DHCP 2.5.8 Windows DHCP Wind
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2.5 DHCP 2.7 TCP/IPv4 4 (TCP/IP
Page 88 and 89: 2.5 DHCP 2.10 IP IP DNS 2.5.9
Page 91 and 92: 3 3.1 OS OS 1. 2. BIOS 3. GRU
Page 93 and 94: 3 timeout=5 splashimage=(hd0,0)/g
Page 95 and 96: 3 ..- 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 3
Page 97 and 98: 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0 #
Page 99 and 100: 3 3.1.6 runlevel # runlevel N
Page 101 and 102: 3 httpd : [ OK ] httpd # servic
Page 103 and 104: 3 5 rc5.d # ls /etc/rc.d init
Page 105 and 106: 3 3.3 cron Linux cron 3.3.1 c
Page 107 and 108: 3 0-59 0-23 1-31 1-12 0-70
Page 109 and 110: 3 3.3.7 cron crontab -r cron #
Page 111 and 112: 3 # ls /etc/cron.hourly/ 0anacron
Page 113 and 114: 3 #period in days delay in minute
Page 115 and 116: 3 # ntpq -p remote refid st t whe
Page 117: 3 3.4.6 NTP NTP NTP NTP /etc/
Page 120 and 121: 4.1 # id sato uid=500(sato) gid=50
Page 122 and 123: 4.1 [sato@server ~]$ umask 0002 um
Page 124 and 125: 4.1 /etc/profile # cat /etc/bashr
Page 126 and 127: 4.1 [sato@server ~]$ write suzuki
Page 128 and 129: 4.2 POSIX ACL 4.2.2 ACL ACL getfa
Page 130 and 131: 4.2 POSIX ACL # yum install samba S
Page 132 and 133: 4.2 POSIX ACL 4.2 3. 4.3 sato
Page 134 and 135: 4.2 POSIX ACL Windows samba_acl_te
Page 136 and 137: 4.3 SELinux 4.3 SELinux SELinux Li
Page 140 and 141: 4.3 SELinux 4.3.7 Boolean SELinux
Page 142 and 143: 4.3 SELinux 4.8 Forbidden root /va
Page 144 and 145: 4.4 LVM PV PV 8E Linux /dev/sd
Page 146 and 147: 4.4 LVM lvcreate lvcreate -L -n
Page 148 and 149: 4.4 LVM # df /mnt/LVMtest/ Filesys
Page 150 and 151: 4.5 4.5 4.5.1 CD DVD
Page 152 and 153: 4.5 4.5.5 tar Tape Archiver tar
Page 154 and 155: 4.5 # dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/sdc 2
Page 156 and 157: 4.5 -0 0 0 -u /etc/dumpdates
Page 158 and 159: 4.5 efi symvers-2.6.32-504.el6.x86
Page 161 and 162: 5 5.1 Linux Linux Linux 1
Page 163 and 164: 5 enabled 0 yum --enablerepo
Page 165 and 166: 5 ∗ base: ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp
Page 167 and 168: 5 5.1.5 yum Locale LANG yum gro
Page 169 and 170: 5 # ln -s /media/CentOS_6.6_Final
Page 171 and 172: 5 PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %
Page 173 and 174: 5 5.2.3 vmstat vmstat CPU vmst
Page 175 and 176: 5 # iostat Linux 2.6.32-504.el6.x
Page 177 and 178: 5 dm-0 0.00 0.00 1.17 5.33 41.92
Page 179 and 180: 5 # sar -f /var/log/sa/sa22 Linux
Page 181 and 182: 5 Detail Low0Med5High10 Service
Page 183 and 184: 5 # logwatch --print ############
Page 185 and 186: 6 6.1 OS 6.1.1 CentOS /var/
Page 187 and 188: 6 syslogd 6.1.5 syslog facil
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6 6.1.7 - Y * @ IP UDP
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6 -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-wit
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6 $ModLoad TCP $InputTCPServerRu
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6 syslogrsyslog ```shell-session
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6 extension .baksome.log some.
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6 prerotate firstaction postrot
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6 • netstat • tcpdump • Wir
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6 6.2.4 tcpdump GUI Wiresh
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6 Wireshark Network Analyzer # wi
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6 6.3 http Filter:httpEnter Hy
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6 1. CentOS DVD BIOS DVD 2. R
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6 6.8 4. /mnt/sysimage Read-On
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6 6.11 shell 7. bash /mnt/sysim
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7 CentOS 7 7.1 CentOS 7 CentOS
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7 CentOS 7 systemctl status sys
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7 CentOS 7 7.2.4 systemctl list-
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7 CentOS 7 7.2.8 systemctl enabl
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7 CentOS 7 2. /etc/systemd/system
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7 CentOS 7 1 28 17:29:04 centos7.
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7 CentOS 7 sources: services: dhc
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7 CentOS 7 7.1 GUI NetworkManag
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Linux 2015 4 16 v1.0.0 LPI-Ja
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