GEOGRAPHY

THEME
1
Features in the book:
Chapter 1
Rural-urban change in the UK
THEME
Introducing Cardiff
1
Chapter 1 people could live further from their place of work. The
city began to spread outwards as new suburban housing
Rural-urban
Cardiff is the largest city in Wales. It has a population was built.
change
Suburban sprawl,
in
as
the
this process
UK
is called,
of 350,000. Like many cities in the UK, Cardiff went filled in the spaces between the edge of the city and
through a period of rapid growth between around 1850 existing small villages such as Radyr and Whitchurch.
people could live further from their place of work. The
and 1920 as people moved Introducing into the city Cardiff to find work in These villages are now part of the urban area of Cardiff.
city began to spread outwards as new suburban housing
industries related to the Cardiff sale is of the coal largest from city Cardiff in Wales. docks. It has a population was built. Suburban sprawl, as this process is called,
Terraced houses were of built 350,000. to provide Like many homes cities for in these UK, Cardiff Between went the filled mid-1980s in the spaces and between today Cardiff the edge has of the gone city and
dock workers and many through of these a period homes of rapid can growth still between seen around through 1850 a third existing phase small of villages growth. such This as Radyr time and new Whitchurch. housing
and 1920 as people moved into the city to find
today in the inner urban areas close to the city centre. was work built in on
These
the old
villages
industrial
are now
sites
part of
once
the urban
occupied
area of
by
Cardiff.
industries related to the sale of coal from Cardiff docks.
The process of physical growth and population growth is the dock-related industries in Butetown next to Cardiff
Terraced houses were built to provide homes for these Between the mid-1980s and today Cardiff has gone
known as urbanisation. dock workers and many of these homes can still Bay. be seen These through sites are a third known phase as of brownfield growth. This sites. time new Because housing
Key terms are
today in the inner urban areas close to the city centre. these sites are was within built on the old inner industrial urban sites area once of Cardiff occupied the by
highlighted During throughout the period 1930 The to process the mid-1980s of physical growth Cardiff and population growth population is of the this dock-related zone has industries been rising, in Butetown a process next to known Cardiff
and went defined through in student-
a second known phase urbanisation. of growth. Better public as re-urbanisation. Bay. These sites are known as brownfield sites. Because
friendly transport language and in more widespread car ownership meant that
the Glossary, boosting
During the period 1930 to the mid-1980s Cardiff
went through a second phase of growth. Better public
students' geographical
transport and more widespread car ownership meant that Brecon
vocabulary GEOGRAPHICAL and
SKILLS
understanding
GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS
Brecon Beacons
National Park
Describing locations
To describe a location means to be able to
pinpoint something To on describe a map. a Describing location means a to be able to
Mertyr Tydfil
N
location on an Ordnance pinpoint Survey something (OS) on map a map. is Describing a
Mertyr Cwmbran Tydfil
easily done by giving location a grid on reference. an Ordnance However, Survey (OS) map is
Chepstow Cwmbran
easily done by giving a grid reference. However,
Chepstow
describing a location on a map that has no grid
describing a location on a map that has no grid M4
Cardiff Newport
M4
Cardiff
lines requires a different technique.
Newport
lines requires a different technique.
M4
M4
Clear explanations
Bridgend Bridgend
Bristol
First, you need to give a broad indication of
Bristol
First, you need to give a broad indication of
and examples allow
Barry Barry
the location by describing the location in which by describing part of in the which part of the
students to learn
map the viewer should map be the looking. viewer should Always be looking. use Always use
Bristol Channel
Westonsuper-mare
kilometres
0 20
and practise the
geographical terms such as ‘in south Wales’ rather Bristol Channel
Westonsuper-mare
kilometres
geographical terms such as ‘in south Wales’ rather
geographical skills than ‘at the bottom of the map’ or ‘near to the
than ‘at the bottom Bristol of the Channel’. map’ or ‘near to the
Figure 1 The location of Cardiff
they need to achieve
Bristol Channel’.
Figure 1 The location of Cardiff
their potential
Then, to describe the exact location, you should
Year Population Year Population
Then, to describe the use exact another location, significant you place should on the map and give:
Year Population Year Population
use another significant ■ ■ the place distance on the from map that and other give: place in kilometres 1801 1,870 1931 226,937
■
■■
the distance from ■ the direction using points of the compass.
that other place in kilometres 1801 1851 1,870 18,352 1931 1941 226,937 No data
■■
the direction using For points example, of on the Figure compass. 1, Bridgend is 28km to
1851
the 1861 48,965 1951 243,632
18,352 1941 No data
west of Cardiff.
1871 57,363 1961 283,998
For example, on Figure 1, Bridgend is 28km to the 1861 48,965 1951 243,632
1881 96,637 1971 293,220
west of Cardiff.
1871 57,363 1961 283,998
2
Describing locations
these sites are within the inner urban area of Cardiff the
population of this zone has been rising, a process known
as re-urbanisation.
Brecon
Brecon Beacons
National Park
M5
Gloucester
1891 128,915 1981 285,740
1881 96,637 1901 164,333 1971 1991 293,220 296,900
1891 128,915 1911 182,259 1981 2001 285,740 305,353
1901
1921
164,333
222,827
1991
2011 346,000
296,900
1911
Figure 2 Population of Cardiff. Source: National Census
182,259 2001 305,353
1921 222,827 2011 346,000
Figure 2 Population of Cardiff. Source: National Census
M5
Gloucester
M5
M5
0 20
N
2