Desmond Morris - 2002 - Peoplewatching - The Desmond Morris Guide to Body Language (poor quality-double page)(290p) [Inua]

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Published by Vintage 2002 1719201816 Copyright © Desmond Morris 1977, 2002 Desmond Morris has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 to be identified as the author of this work This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser Earlier version published in Great Britain by Jonathan Cape in 1977, under the title Manwatching Vintage Random House, 20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London SW1V 2SA www.vintage-books.co.uk Addresses for companies within The Random House Group Limited can be found at: www.randomhouse.co.uk/offices.htm The Random House Group Limited Reg. No. 954009 A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 9780099429784 The Random House Group Limited supports The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), the leading international forest certification organisation. All our titles that are printed on Greenpeace approved FSC certified paper carry the FSC logo. Our paper procurement policy can be found at www.rbooks.co.uk/environment. FSC Mixed Sources Printed in the UK by CPI Bookmarque, Croydon, CRO 4TD Picture Credits Author's Note Acknowledgements Introduction CONTENTS ACTIONS Inborn Actions - Actions we do not have to learn Discovered Actions - Actions we discover for ourselves Absorbed Actions - Actions we acquire unknowingly from our companions Trained Actions - Actions we have to be taught Mixed Actions - Actions acquired in several ways GESTURES Incidental Gestures - Mechanical actions, with secondary messages Expressive Gestures - Biological gestures of the kind we share with other animals Mimic Gestures - Gestures which transmit signals by imitation Schematic Gestures - Imitations that become abbreviated or abridged Symbolic Gestures - Gestures which represent moods and ideas Technical Gestures - Gestures used by specialist minorities Coded Gestures - Sign language based on a formal system XI xiii xiv xv 1 3 11 13 16 17 21 22 24 27 29 32 38 40
PEOPLEWATCHING GESTURE VARIANTS Personal or local variations on gestural themes MULTI-MESSAGE GESTURES Gestures that have many meanings GESTURE ALTERNATIVES Different gestures that transmit the same signal HYBRID GESTURES Signals made up of two original gestures COMPOUND GESTURES Gestures made up of a number of distinct elements RELIC GESTURES Gestures that have survived long after their primary contexts have vanished REGIONAL SIGNALS The way signals change from country to country and district to district BATON SIGNALS Actions that emphasize the rhythm of words GUIDE SIGNS Pointing and beckoning - how we show the way YES/NO SIGNALS Ways in which we signal agreement and acceptance, or denial and refusal GAZE BEHAVIOUR Staring eyes and glancing eyes - the way we look at one another SALUTATION DISPLAYS Hello and goodbye - greetings and farewells POSTURAL ECHO The way friends unconsciously act in unison TIE-SIGNS Signals that display personal bonds to others VI 45 49 53 58 60 63 71 78 88 97 104 111 120 124 CONTENTS BODY-CONTACT TIE-SIGNS The way companions touch each other in public 132 AUTO-CONTACT BEHAVIOUR Self-intimacies - why and how we touch ourselves 144 NON-VERBAL LEAKAGE Clues that give us away without our knowing 148 CONTRADICTORY SIGNALS Giving two conflicting signals at the same time 162 SHORTFALL SIGNALS When we underreact despite ourselves 170 OVERKILL SIGNALS When we overreact 174 STATUS DISPLAYS Ways in which we signal our position in the social peck order 178 TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOUR The defence of a limited area 187 BARRIER SIGNALS Body-defence actions in social situations 197 PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOUR Reactions to danger - both real and imaginary 201 SUBMISSIVE BEHAVIOUR How we appease our critics or attackers 209 RELIGIOUS DISPLAYS Actions performed to placate imagined deities 219 ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOUR How do we help others at our own expense? 224 FIGHTING BEHAVIOUR Pulling punches and throwing punches - the biology of human combat 230 TRIUMPH DISPLAYS How winners celebrate and losers react 237 vn
Page 1 and 2: WATCHING DESMOND MORRIS
Page 3: ALSO BY DESMOND MORRIS The Biology
Page 7 and 8: PEOPLEWATCHING FEEDING BEHAVIOUR Ho
Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS INTRODUCTION My gr
Page 11 and 12: ACTIONS All animals perform actions
Page 13 and 14: PEOPLEWATCHING patterns and that hi
Page 15 and 16: PEOPLEWATCHING does this efficient
Page 17 and 18: PEOPLEWATCHING Folding the arms is
Page 19 and 20: PEOPLEWATCHING TRAINED ACTIONS Acti
Page 21 and 22: PEOPLEWATCHING more than that it is
Page 23 and 24: PEOPLEWATCHING EXPRESSIVE GESTURES
Page 25 and 26: PEOPLEWATCHING Mimic Gestures can u
Page 27 and 28: PEOPLEWATCHING GESTURES dancer also
Page 29 and 30: PEOPLEWATCHING who became sacred wh
Page 31 and 32: PEOPLEWATCHING GESTURES Disaster ca
Page 33 and 34: PEOPLEWATCHING GESTURE VARIANTS Per
Page 35 and 36: PEOPLEWATCHING country in the world
Page 37 and 38: PEOPLEWATCHING the facial expressio
Page 39 and 40: PEOPLEWATCHING 8. The Hand-on-Heart
Page 41 and 42: COMPOUND GESTURES COMPOUND GESTURES
Page 43 and 44: PEOPLEWATCHING survives in certain
Page 45 and 46: PEOPLEWATCHING some difficult task
Page 47 and 48: PEOPLEWATCHING The Nose Tap gesture
Page 49 and 50: PEOPLEWATCHING 'I am alert'D 'Be al
Page 51 and 52: PEOPLEWATCHING BATON SIGNALS The Ha
Page 53 and 54: PEOPLEWATCHING There are two popula
Page 55 and 56:
GUIDE SIGNS GUIDE SIGNS Pointing an
Page 57 and 58:
PEOPLEWATCHING thumb gestures were
Page 59 and 60:
PEOPLEWATCHING moved hand. The Hand
Page 61 and 62:
PEOPLEWATCHING The Bulgarian langua
Page 63 and 64:
GAZE BEHAVIOUR GAZE BEHAVIOUR Stari
Page 65 and 66:
PEOPLEWATCHING The speaker starts h
Page 67 and 68:
PEOPLEWATCHING they have the functi
Page 69 and 70:
PEOPLEWATCHING The Close Display. F
Page 71 and 72:
POSTURAL ECHO POSTURAL ECHO The way
Page 73 and 74:
TIE-SIGNS TIE-SIGNS Signals that di
Page 75 and 76:
PEOPLEWATCHING the episode from a s
Page 77 and 78:
BODY-CONTACT TIE-SIGNS BODY-CONTACT
Page 79 and 80:
PEOPLEWATCHING 5. The Shoulder Embr
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PEOPLEWATCHING In recent years ther
Page 83 and 84:
AUTO-CONTACT BEHAVIOUR AUTO-CONTACT
Page 85 and 86:
NON-VERBAL LEAKAGE NON-VERBAL LEAKA
Page 87 and 88:
PEOPLEWATCHING The gulf between ord
Page 89 and 90:
PEOPLEWATCHING chair is obviously d
Page 91 and 92:
2 & 3. Absorbed Actions: Many postu
Page 93 and 94:
10,11 & 12. Relic Gestures: These a
Page 95 and 96:
20. Yes/No Signals: By flicking the
Page 97 and 98:
28 & 29. Tie-signs: These are signa
Page 99 and 100:
PEOPLEWATCHING well-known 'shifty-e
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PEOPLEWATCHING pale. Only a great a
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PEOPLEWATCHING A coy expression con
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PEOPLEWATCHING or display repeated
Page 107 and 108:
PEOPLEWATCHING extremely difficult
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PEOPLEWATCHING only social graces.
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PEOPLEWATCHING scientist with his d
Page 113 and 114:
PEOPLEWATCHING weak and unintellige
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PEOPLEWATCHING family environment.
Page 117 and 118:
PEOPLEWATCHING as a horse that over
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PEOPLEWATCHING The situation is dif
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S-2 n p p" cr ±5 rt CTO rt rt 11 m
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PEOPLEWATCHING possible to divert t
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PEOPLEWATCHING often show a salesma
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PEOPLEWATCHING and invites them to
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PEOPLEWATCHING They frequently cons
Page 131 and 132:
ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOUR ALTRUISTIC BEH
Page 133 and 134:
PEOPLEWATCHING It would be a mistak
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PEOPLEWATCHING property. One child
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PEOPLEWATCHING discipline and fidel
Page 139 and 140:
PEOPLEWATCHING arms are still flung
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PEOPLEWATCHING wholeheartedly into
Page 143 and 144:
PEOPLEWATCHING parasympathetic syst
Page 145 and 146:
PEOPLEWATCHING PUPIL SIGNALS Q. Q.
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PEOPLEWATCHING dilated pupils. In o
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PEOPLEWATCHING other person who is
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PEOPLEWATCHING worry, you could esc
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PEOPLEWATCHING matches, all neatly
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PEOPLEWATCHING REDIRECTED ACTIVITIE
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PEOPLEWATCHING lost boy'. Certain m
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PEOPLEWATCHING moment when an insul
Page 161 and 162:
PEOPLEWATCHING 7. Rejection Signals
Page 163 and 164:
PEOPLEWATCHING In Syria, picking on
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PEOPLEWATCHING THREAT SIGNALS expre
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OBSCENE SIGNALS OBSCENE SIGNALS The
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PEOPLEWATCHING The Churchillian war
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PEOPLEWATCHING Copulatory gestures
Page 173 and 174:
PEOPLEWATCHING Males Females Males
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PEOPLEWATCHING itself, gains attent
Page 177 and 178:
PEOPLEWATCHING Before leaving the s
Page 179 and 180:
PEOPLEWATCHING is as much of a form
Page 181 and 182:
PEOPLEWATCHING In earlier centuries
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PEOPLEWATCHING tough shooting-tweed
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PEOPLEWATCHING rises so too do skir
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PEOPLEWATCHING The male beard also
Page 189 and 190:
PEOPLEWATCHING In ancient societies
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PEOPLEWATCHING In addition to visua
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PEOPLEWATCHING reproductively mascu
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35. Status Displays: (left) There a
Page 197:
•I.'.. Religious Displays: ('/e/f
Page 200 and 201:
53. Body Self-mimicry: (right) We s
Page 202 and 203:
GENDER SIGNALS 61. Ageing: The olde
Page 204 and 205:
Shaved face Young Clean Healthy Fri
Page 206 and 207:
PEOPLEWATCHING known as steatopygia
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PEOPLEWATCHING GENDER SIGNALS Men 1
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PEOPLEWATCHING with its role as a f
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PEOPLEWATCHING Another suggested ex
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PEOPLEWATCHING the era of the contr
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PEOPLEWATCHING it is a unique human
Page 218 and 219:
PEOPLEWATCHING is performed at a sl
Page 220 and 221:
PEOPLEWATCHING explains why women s
Page 222 and 223:
ANIMAL CONTACTS ANIMAL CONTACTS Fro
Page 224 and 225:
PEOPLEWATCHING cases they have lost
Page 226 and 227:
20- 10- Per cent like Horse PEOPLEW
Page 228 and 229:
PEOPLEWATCHING 5. The Adult-Parenta
Page 230 and 231:
PEOPLEWATCHING Another way in which
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PEOPLEWATCHING 'Clever play' begins
Page 234 and 235:
PEOPLEWATCHING It has been said tha
Page 236 and 237:
PEOPLEWATCHING Many Western artists
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PEOPLEWATCHING everyone. But the ha
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PEOPLEWATCHING a thing as intrinsic
Page 242 and 243:
PEOPLEWATCHING recently beginning t
Page 244 and 245:
PEOPLEWATCHING Music: Beethoven, Ra
Page 246 and 247:
PEOPLEWATCHING 2. The Crawl. One st
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PEOPLEWATCHING 10. The Sprint. In t
Page 250 and 251:
PEOPLEWATCHING occasional meaty sup
Page 252 and 253:
PEOPLEWATCHING have been a great ai
Page 254 and 255:
PEOPLEWATCHING fossil-hunters will
Page 256 and 257:
PEOPLEWATCHING social events. We go
Page 258 and 259:
PEOPLEWATCHING The blunter knives n
Page 260 and 261:
The essence of most sports is the a
Page 262 and 263:
PEOPLEWATCHING kind of weapons that
Page 264 and 265:
PEOPLEWATCHING with the submissive
Page 266 and 267:
PEOPLEWATCHING Midnight Midday Ordi
Page 268 and 269:
PEOPLEWATCHING remains of great int
Page 270 and 271:
PEOPLEWATCHING the points summarize
Page 272 and 273:
PEOPLEWATCHING gambling, exploratio
Page 274 and 275:
PEOPLEWATCHING Caine, Mark. 1960. T
Page 276 and 277:
PEOPLEWATCHING Griffin, Jack. 1998.
Page 278 and 279:
PEOPLEWATCHING Morris, Desmond. 199
Page 280 and 281:
PEOPLEWATCHING Vasconcellos, J. Lei
Page 282 and 283:
PEOPLEWATCHING INDEX amulets 207, 2
Page 284 and 285:
'diving reflex' 451 dogs 249, 392-3
Page 286 and 287:
PEOPLEWATCHING INDEX moulding 345;
Page 288 and 289:
PEOPLEWATCHING paternal responses t
Page 290:
PEOPLEWATCHING thumb-nail applause
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Desmond Morris - 2002 - Peoplewatching - The Desmond Morris Guide to Body Language (poor quality-double page)(290p) [Inua]

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