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The first of two ExoMars missions will be launched in March 2016. ExoMars, a joint endeavour between the European Space Agency and<br />

Russia’s Roscosmos space agency, comprises two missions.<br />

The Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and Schiaparelli (both pictured here) make up the 2016 mission, while the second mission, planned for launch<br />

in 2018, will combine a rover and a surface science platform. Both missions will be launched on Russian Proton rockets from Baikonur.<br />

TGO will take a detailed inventory of Mars’s atmospheric gases. The origin of methane is of special interest — its presence implies an active,<br />

current source, and the TGO will help to determine whether it stems from a geological or biological source. Schiaparelli will demonstrate a<br />

range of t echnologies to enable a controlled landing on Mars in preparation for future missions. The TGO will also serve as a data relay for<br />

the 2018 mission, which comprises a European rover and a stationary Russian surface science platform. The rover will be the first mission<br />

to combine the capability of moving across the surface with the ability to drill down to two metres below the surface, in order to retrieve and<br />

analyse samples using the Pasteur payload of sophisticated instruments.<br />

ExoMars is set to open a new era for Europe: moving from remote observation to surface and subsurface exploration of Mars.<br />

Credit: ESA-S.Corvaja

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