Truth justice and reparation in the Western Sahara

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Truth, justice and reparation in the Western Sahara. The Oasis of Memory The need to break with the past 95 Collective memory as a preventive tool 97 Memory in archives Human rights and a transformation agenda in the Sahara conflict 100 Appendix. Meheris. A possibility of hope 109 Presentation 111 Relatives’ demands and exhumation 112 Forced disappearances in the Western Sahara 113 The MINURSO mandate 113 Recommendations of the UN Working Group on Forced Disappearances 114 International standards on exhumations and on the identification of remains 114 Case Summary 116 Lack of information and research, and responses that do not correspond to the truth 117 The discovery of the mass graves 118 Description of the work carried out in the mass graves 119 Research Findings: collective case, cause of death and identification of the disappeared 120 4
The demands for truth, justice and reparation in the case of the Western Sahara As long as there is no real justice and truth, there will also be no reconciliation. Daoud El Khadir. This chapter includes an analysis of Sahrawi victims of serious human rights violations’ demands for truth, justice and reparation under international standards and in accordance with good practices by truth commissions and reparation programs in various countries throughout the world. In the case of the Western Sahara, the demands by victims are, of course, part of their individual rights, although they also have a more collective dimension as will be evident when analysing their expectations and demands. In addition, an analysis is made of international human rights law (henceforward IHRL) standards on truth, justice and reparation in the context of political change or the search for a new social consensus after armed conflicts and the relevance thereof in the case of the Western Sahara. An analysis is also made of the need for research, the need to find people who have “disappeared”, the need to recognize human rights violations and to provide guarantees of non-recurrence. The role of justice and change in the human rights situation in the Western Sahara are likewise analysed, including the situation of the refugees. This text also includes an analysis of the response by the Moroccan to such demands, especially in the case of the population living in the Western Sahara, as well as the total lack of consideration of the refugee population and of the human rights violations they have suffered are also addressed. It is necessary to take into account that, in the light of analysis and criteria of international human rights law and international human rights law, many of these violations constitute war crimes and crimes against humanity, especially the bombing of civilians and the systematic practice of enforced disappearance and torture. At the end of this chapter, and also at the end of this report, some of the elements that emerge from this analysis are introduced so as to contribute to the agenda for rebuilding the social fabric in the Western Sahara conflict. Also included are some of the issues that should be taken into account in the conflict transformation agenda and policies seeking ways out of the conflict, taking into account the impact caused by human rights violations and by a situation of respect for human rights, which are key elements for such a transformation to take place. Needs and demands for reparation In the final part of the interviews with victims, they were asked for their opinion on which measures would be appropriate to reparation the damage caused. Even though human rights violations, torture, bombings or enforced disappearances imply irreparable realities, victims’ right to reparation is something that should be considered an obligation of the State. This is an essential element in order to be able to have victims’ perceptions, needs and participation. 5
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MEHERIS A possibility of hope Mass
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Truth justice and reparation in the Western Sahara

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