Inclusive Cities Resilient Communities

Third United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III):
National Report of NEPAL
I. INTRODUCTION
Background
Cities are human creations; places in which
we enable ourselves to lead peaceful,
healthy, prosperous, and free lives with full
respect of human rights for all. They are
places in which we aim to achieve gender
equality, empower women and girls,
reduce poverty, create jobs, and generate
equitable prosperity.
Cities present an opportunity for everyone
to commit to share resources and space in
a way that ensures lasting protection of the
planet and its natural resources. Cities are
the embodiment of human spirit, where we
determine our rights and responsibilities,
both as individuals and collectively. People
and their activities are increasingly
concentrated in cities. At the same time,
the growing environmental impact of cities
has threatened the very existence of the
planet.
In resolution 66/207 and in line with the
bi-decennial cycle (1976, 1996 and 2016),
the United Nations General Assembly
decided to convene the Habitat III
Conference in 2016 in Quito, Ecuador to
reinvigorate the global commitment to
sustainable urbanization, and to focus on
the implementation of a New Urban
Agenda, building on the Habitat Agenda of
Istanbul in 1996.
The Habitat III builds on the work from
the Habitat II, as well as on recently agreed
global frameworks, including the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development; the
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030; the Paris Agreement
on Climate Change; and the Addis Ababa
Action Agenda of the Third International
Conference on Financing for
Development.
The Habitat II was convened in Istanbul,
Turkey (3-14 June 1996) on the 20 th
anniversary of the Habitat I. The Habitat
Agenda of Istanbul set twin goals of
achieving adequate shelter for all and ensuring
sustainable human settlements development in an
urbanizing world. It also reaffirmed the
commitment to the full and progressive
realization of the right to adequate housing.
The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation
(JPOI), adopted by the World Summit on
Sustainable Development, 2002, calls for
achieving a significant improvement in the
lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers
by 2020, as proposed in the Cities without
Slums Initiative. The Millennium
Development Goal (MDG) 7 emphasized
on the improvement of the lives of slum
dwellers.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development includes 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) and 169
associated targets. The SDG 11 addresses
urban areas, aiming to “make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and
sustainable”. The SDGs, in particular,
contain following targets to be achieved by
2030: ensure access for all to adequate, safe
and affordable housing and basic services
and upgrade slums; provide access to safe,
affordable, and sustainable transport
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