A CRUMBLING CASE FOR CETACEAN CAPTIVITY?

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xxiv See www.savethewhales.org; uk.whales.org; www.marinemammalcenter.org; www.mmsc.org; www.marinemammalscience.org; www.acsonline.org; www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals xxv Rose, N., R. Farinato & S. Sherwin, The Case Against Marine Mammals in Captivity, 3 rd . Edition, Humane Society of the United States & World Society for the Protection of Animals, USA (2006) xxvi Marineland, Cetaceans, Accessed at http://www.marinelandcanada.com/education/marinemammals/cetaceans, October 1, 2016 xxvii Whale and Dolphin Conservation, Introduction to WDC Species Guide, Accessed at http://uk.whales.org/issues/introduction-to-wdcspecies-guide , October 1, 2016 xxviii Marineland, They’re born this way – Adaptations for an Aquatic Environment (blog post – Feb 22, 2016), Accessed at http://www.marinelandblog.ca/theyre-born-this-way-adaptations-for-an-aquatic-environment, October 1, 2016 xxix Citta, John J. Robert S. Suydam, Lorit Quakenbush, Kathryn J. Frost, & Gregory M. O’Corry-Crow, Dive Behavior of Eastern Chukchi Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus leucas), 1998 – 2008, Arctic, VOL. 66, NO. 4 (December 2013) P. 389 – 406 xxx Martin, A. R., and T. 6. Smith, Deep diving in wild, free-ranging beluga whales, Delphinapterers leucas, Can. 1. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49: 462-466 (1992). xxxi Marineland, Killer Whales, Accessed at http://www.marinelandcanada.com/education/marinemammals/killerwhales, October 1, 2016 xxxii NOAA Fisheries, Killer whale (Orcinus orca), Accessed at http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/whales/killer-whale.html, October 1, 2016 A Crumbling Case for Cetacean Captivity? 19
APPENDIX 1 SELECTED READING Bekoff, M, Aquatic animals, cognitive ethology, and ethics: questions about sentience and other troubling issues that lurk in turbid water, DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS, Dis Aquat Org, Vol. 75: 87–98 (2007) Davis, S G, Spectacular Nature, Corporate Culture and the Sea World Experience, University of California Press, USA (1997) Forhoff, T & B Peterson (eds.), Between Species, Celebrating the Dolphin-Human Bond, Sierra Club Books, USA (2003) Hancocks, D, A Different Nature, The Paradoxical World of Zoos and Their Uncertain Future, University of California Press, USA (2001) Jett, J S & J M Ventre, Keto and Tillicum Express the Stress of Orca Captivity, Orca Project, USA (2011) Kirby, D, Death at Sea World, Shamu and the Dark Side of Killer Whales in Captivity, St. Martins Press, USA (2012) Laidlaw, R, Looking at Fragments of Nature: Perspectives on Zoo and Aquarium Captivity, in Sorenson, J. (ed.) Critical Animal Studies, Thinking the Unthinkable, Canadian Scholar’s Press, Canada (2014) Malamud, R, Reading Zoos, Representations of Animals and Captivity, New York University Press, USA (1998) Marino, L, Cetacean Captivity, in Grun, L. (ed.) The Ethics of Captivity, Oxford University Press, USA (2014) Marino L, S Lilienfeld, R Malamud, N Nobis & R Broglio, Do zoos and aquariums promote attitude change in visitors? A critical evaluation of the American Zoo and Aquarium study. Society and Animals, 18: 126-138 (2010). Mayer, S, A Review of the Scientific Justification for Maintaining Cetaceans in Captivity, Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society, UK (1998) NOAA Fisheries, Georgia Aquarium Application to Import 18 Beluga Whales (File No. 17324) (2015) http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/permits/georgia_aquarium_belugas.htm NOAA Fisheries, Georgia Aquarium Application to Import 18 Beluga Whales (File No. 17324) Full Text of Judge’s Decision (2015) http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/permits/ga_court_decision_092815.pdf A Crumbling Case for Cetacean Captivity? i
Page 1 and 2: A CRUMBLING CASE FOR CETACEAN CAPTI
Page 3 and 4: INTRODUCTION Two facilities in Cana
Page 5 and 6: RESEARCH: PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS AND
Page 7 and 8: Studied feeding records for 5 capti
Page 9 and 10: Masked hearing threshold was measur
Page 11 and 12: Web of Science yielded nine citatio
Page 13 and 14: For example, Sea World makes such c
Page 15 and 16: other animals) serves a substantive
Page 17 and 18: Beluga whales often swim in shallow
Page 19: ENDNOTES i When the Georgia Aquariu
Page 23 and 24: APPENDIX 2 SHOW TRANSCRIPTS Vancouv
Page 25 and 26: Now with harbour porpoises even tho
Page 27 and 28: Now it’s very challenging to stud
Page 29 and 30: Vancouver Aquarium Transcript 2 Tue
Page 31 and 32: Daisy the Harbor porpoise may be ju
Page 33 and 34: So I really want to thank you all f
Page 35 and 36: That is Tofino singing his voluntee
Page 37 and 38: Transcript 2: 11:00am Tuesday Sept.
Page 39 and 40: So now that you have seen how amazi
Page 41 and 42: Our volunteer is going to start get
Page 43: A Crumbling Case for Cetacean Capti

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