THE MONTHLY MED

The 

Monthly 

TISSUES… 

Skin issues? 

MORTAL 

HOMEOSTASIS? 

HOW TO STAY 

HEALTHY 

ANATOMY

IN THIS 

EDITION

Ana Osti 

Ana Osti 

Enid Cavazos 

Abril E. Chavez 

Enid Cavazos 

Karen Salazar 

Alejandra Cintora 

Abril Chávez 

Karen Salazar 

Enid Cavazos 

Alejandra Cintora

What is 

HOMEOSTASIS? 

•Means “to remain the same” . 

•All our organs are bound to 

homeostasis. 

•When a disease hit the body, 

homeostasis is interrupted: 

equilibration is broken and 

health is lost. 

•External factors, such as 

weather, stress, bacterias, 

affect homeostasis. 

•Health is having a complete, 

physical, mental and social 

well being, not the absence of 

disease 

Thre are several health affecting factors: 

Disease is more likely to 

occur in some members 

of the population than in 

others because of risk 

factors 

One model of disease 

causation is the 

epidemiologic triangle: 

Disease results from the 

interaction between the 

agent and a susceptible 

host in an environment 

that supports transmission 

of the agent from source 

to that host. 

Every infections disease is caused by one or more types of 

microorganisms known as pathogens. 

Pathogens invade the body and attack its cells and tissues. 

Different types of pathogens include bacteria, viruses, 

protozoans, and fungi. 

Innate Immune System 

Some healthaffecting 

factorrs 

are chemcal, 

metabolic, physical 

and inffecious.. 

There are two 

kinds of damaging 

agents: 

a)Physical 

agents:: Gas, 

temperture, 

radiation, etc. 

b)chemical 

agents: Drugs, toxic 

substances 

The immune system provides two 

main types of defenses: 

Innate immune system 

provides nonspecific resistance. 

‣ Adaptive immune 

system provides 

specific resistance in 

the form of 

lymphocytes 

THE MONTHLY MED 

4

5

TISSU 

THE MONTHLY MED 6

ES 

A tissue is a group or ensemble of 

similar cells that have a specific 

function. All of the cells come from 

the Mother cell. 

We have four kinds of tissues: 

The Epithelial tissue have three 

main functions 

a) To protect and filtrate 

b) Lining and cover the cavities 

c) Secrets hormones, sweat, 

mucus, and enzymes. 

The Connective tissue supports, 

connects, fills up spaces, or 

separates the different tissues. It’s 

divided into the cartilage, bone, 

adipose tissue, and blood. 

The Cartilage tissue is very flexible, 

the cause of this is the COLLAGEN. 

Normally it’s found in the nose, ribs, 

the skeleton of the fetus, ears, 

between the vertebrae, and the 

end of the bones. 

Is used to store energy, protects 

organs, and to against cold. Also 

found in the heart, skin, and 

kidneys. 

Muscular tissue are elongated cells 

that Smooth: Called involuntary, is 

found in the internal walls of the 

organs and the blood vessels. 

Cardiac: Is found only in the heart 

and is involuntary in nature. 

The Nervous tissue is the main 

component of the brain and 

spinal, is composed of nerve cells. 

The functions are sensory input, 

integration, the control over the 

muscles and glands, and the 

mental activity. 

The Bone tissue the strongest and 

rigid part of the Connective tissue. 

The bone is formed by Calcium, in 

chemistry is . 

The Adipose tissue or “fat tissue” 

7 

THE MONTHLY MED

. The intergumentary system is an organ system 

consisting of the skin, hair, nails, nerves and 

exocrine glands. 

Its main function is to act as a barrier to protect 

the body from the outside world. It also functions 

to retain body fluids, protect against disease, 

eliminate waste products, and regulate body 

temperature. In order to do these things, the 

integumentary system works with all the other 

systems of your body, each of which has a role to 

play in maintaining the internal conditions that a 

human body needs to function properly. 

The average person’s skin weighs 

10 pounds and has a surface 

area of almost 20 square feet. 

1. Makes a flexible/waterproof surface 

2. Helps eliminate useless substances through sweat. 

3. Regulates the body´s temperature 

4. Detects pain, sensations, preassure 

5. Sinthezises Cholecalciferol (aka Vitamin D) 


Helps trasmit sensory 

information, Covers your 

whole ody except the palm 

of hands and feet. 

Is a formal name for “skin”. It has 

two layers: 

Is the outermost layer of the skin. 

Is the middle layer of the skin. 

•.Is composed by the 

connective tissue 

•Is made of collagen and 

elastin 

•Receives adn regulates the 

temperature from tiny blood 

vessels 

•Has glands 

•Has epithelial cells: made of 

stratified squamous epithelium 

•Covered by a protective layer 

of dead cells produced by 

Underlying Epithelial Cells. 

•Keratin, which gets the skin to 

be waterproof, and is 

produced by the cells. 

Is a plate of epidermis at 

the end of the fingers. 

Sweat glands 

Sebaceous glands 

9 

Melanin is an epithelial cell skin 

pigment. It is produced by a 

cell called melanocyte 

The more melanocyte, the darker the 

skin color 

THE MONTHLY MED 

Salivary glands 

Mammary glands

All the middle part of 

the skeleton, this is the 

skull, the vertebral 

column. The rib cage 

has the ribs and sternum 

or breastbone. 

All the extremities of the 

body; the extremities are 

divided in two parts: upper 

and lower extremities, this 

includes the limbs and the 

pelvis. 

COMPONENTS 

The bones are composed 

by minerals and collagen 

fibers. We have many 

types of bones, someone 

are long, short, and flat 

bones. 

Is also form of connective 

tissue which is tough, semitransparent, 

elastic and 

flexible.. It composed by 

collagen and 

chodrocytes. 

Is the connection 

between two bones. The 

main function is to unify 

the structure and allows 

the movement of the 

body. This contains 

ligaments, tendons and 

cartilage. 


THE MUSCULAR 

SYSTEM 

The muscular 

system is 

responsible for 

the movement 

of the human 

body, to 

maintain the 

position 

The muscular system is composed 

of three types of muscles 

• Skeletal 

• Smooth 

• Cardiac muscle 

11 


Types of muscles 

Skeletal Smooth Cardiac 

This type of muscle 

covers the skeletal 

system; the function 

of this muscle is to 

contract to move 

parts of the body, is 

voluntary 

smooth muscle is 

controlled by the 

unconscious part of 

the brain, it is known 

as involuntary muscle 

Is a muscle that can 

only be found in the 

heart 

it is a striated 

involuntary muscle, 

striations indicate that 

a muscle cell is very 

strong 

Cerebral Palsy 

Is the loss of motor 

function due to 

abnormal growth in 

the brain, can affect 

movement, 

coordination and 

balance 

Dermatomyositis 

Is an uncommon 

inflammatory 

disease, can affect 

children and adults 

alike but is more 

common in women, 

has no cure yet 

Myasthenia Gravis 

It is a condition which 

chronically causes 

muscles to weaken 

and tire easily 


We have the answer to all your 

questions about the food processing 

machine aka the digestive system 

The digestive system's function is 

to absorb all the nutrients from 

the food and get rid of the parts 

of it that the body doesn't 

need. 

Our system is divided in two 

parts: 

- the digestive tract which is 

basically every primary part of 

the digestive system. 

- the accesory organs which 

are the ones that help the 

digestion indirectly such as the 

teeth, salivary glands, liver, etc. 

13 


Now that we know this, we can go ahead 

and explain what the digestion process is 

all about. The process begins with the 

mouth, when you put food in it and chew it 

with your teeth, the saliva also takes part in 

it to break down biomolecules. After this, 

the food bolus passes through the Larynx 

and Pharynx (also part of the respiratory 

system) which connects the inside of the 

mouth and the Esophagus. Its divided in 

three parts: - Oropharynx (mouth) - 

Nasopharynx (nose) - Laryngopharynx: 

connected to the esophagus and included 

a part called the Epiglottis which basically 

stops food from entering the lungs. Then the 

bolus makes its way into the esophagus 

with transports it into the stomach by a 

muscle contraction called Peristalsis. 

. The bolus enters the stomach through the Cardias, the the 

stomach starts to contract itself and releases Hydrochloric 

Acids and Pepsin to digest the bolus and after its done, the 

bolus transforms into Chyme and passes into the small 

intestine through the Pyloric Sphicnter. The small intestine is 

the one that starts absorbing nutrients from the bolus, but 

first the intestine need help from the Pancreas and Liver to 

break down some substances like Carbs, Proteins, Lipids and 

Bile, this happens in the Duodenum part. The pancreas helps 

the Duedenum by neutralizing the acid levels of the acids 

left by the stomach on the bolus. Next is the Jejunum which 

absorbs the nutrients left by the Duedenum, and the Illeum 

does the exact same thing but it absorbs B12 and Bile Salts 

specifically. The liver is in charge of processing every nutrient 

that the small intestine absorbed and produce bile, then the 

Gallbladder stores the bile produced. The last part of this 

process consists on extracting the water and vitamin B12 

and K from the solid wastes before they get eliminated 

through the anus, the organ that completes this action is 

called the Large Intestine or Colon

THE MONTHLY MED

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?