CoSIT 2017

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70 Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT) [35] Kevin Warwick, 10 November 2016, MIT Technology Review, “The Future of Artificial Intelligence and Cybernetics” https://www.technologyreview.com/s/602830/the-future-of-artificial-intelligenceand-cybernetics/ Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [36] D’Youville College, Professional Development, https://www.dyc.edu/academics/professionaldevelopment/ Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [37] Tameru Hailesilassie, (IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, Vol. 14, No. 7, July 2016 “Rule Extraction Algorithm for Deep Neural Networks: A Review” https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1610/1610.05267.pdf Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [38] Jan Ruben Zilke, Master Thesis, TUD, “Extracting Rules from Deep Neural Networks” http://www.ke.tu-darmstadt.de/lehre/arbeiten/master/2015/Zilke_Jan.pdf Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [39] Zhiting Hu, Xuezhe Ma, Zhengzhong Liu, Eduard Hovy, Eric P. Xing, School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University, 2016 “Harnessing Deep Neural Networks with Logic Rules” http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~epxing/papers/2016/Hu_etal_ACL16.pdf Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [40] Steve Crowe, 21 February 21 2017, Robotics Trends, “What AI Can and Can’t Do: DARPA’s Realistic View, http://www.roboticstrends.com/article/what_ai_can_and_cant_do_darpas_realistic_view/Artificial_Int elligence [41] Matt Asay., 3 March 2017, Infoworld Tech Watch, “Artificially inflated: It’s time to call BS on AI” http://www.infoworld.com/article/3176602/artificial-intelligence/artificially-inflated-its-time-to-callbs-on-ai.html Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [42] Andrew Orlowski, 2 January 2017, The Register, “‘Artificial Intelligence’ was 2016's fake news” https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/01/02/ai_was_the_fake_news_of_2016/ Last Referenced 6th March 2017. [43] Luke Dormehl, 18 February 2017, Wired, “Don't believe the hype when it comes to AI” http://www.wired.co.uk/article/sensationalism-ai-hype-innovation Last Referenced 6th March 2017.
ANKLE MUSCLE SYNERGIES FOR SMOOTH PEDAL OPERATION UNDER VARIOUS LOWER-LIMB POSTURE Kazuo Kiguchi 1 , Takuto Fujita 1 , Sho Yabunaka 2 , Yusaku Takeda 2 , and Toshihiro Hara 2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan 2 Mazda Motor Corporation, Fuchu-cho, Hiroshima, Japan ABSTRACT A study on muscle synergy of ankle joint motion is important since the acceleration operation results in automobile acceleration. It is necessary to understanding the characteristics of ankle muscle synergies to define the appropriate specification of pedals, especially for the accelerator pedal. Although the biarticular muscle (i.e., gastrocnemius) plays an important role for the ankle joint motion, it is not well understood yet. In this paper, the effect of knee joint angle and the role of biarticular muscle for pedal operation are investigated. Experiments of the pedal operation were performed to evaluate the muscle synergies for the ankle plantar flexion motion (i.e., the pedal operation motion) in the driving position. The experimental results suggest that the muscle activity level of gastrocnemius varies with respect the knee joint angle, and smooth pedal operation is realized by the appropriate muscle synergies. KEYWORDS Ankle Joint, Pedal Operation, EMG, BiArticular Muscle, Muscle Synergy 1. INTRODUCTION In order to design an automobile, human characteristics such as human musculoskeletal characteristics must be taken into account. Control of ankle joint motion is important for many tasks such as operation of an automobile. In the case of automobile operation, acceleration of the automobile is controlled with an acceleration pedal using the driver’s ankle joint motion. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics of ankle muscle synergies to define the appropriate specification of pedals, especially for the accelerator pedal since its operation directly results in the acceleration of the automobile. Although the ankle joint motion is generated with several muscles, it is known that the biarticular muscle such as the gastrocnemius plays an important role for the joint motion [1]-[4]. Since gastrocnemius is a biarticular muscle, not only the ankle joint angle, but also the knee joint angle affects the muscle activity of gastrocnemius [4]. Therefore, lower-limb posture must be taken into account to consider the role of gastrocnemius muscle activity for the ankle joint motion, especially for plantar flexion motion. Consequently, the driving position affects the performance of muscle synergy of the ankle joint. However, the role of biarticular muscles is still not well understood [5] although the role of gastrocnemius activity for the ankle joint motion must be considered to understand ankle muscle synergies, especially for accelerator pedal operation. Dhinaharan Nagamalai et al. (Eds) : CoSIT, SIGL, AIAPP, CYBI, CRIS, SEC, DMA - 2017 pp. 71– 78, 2017. © CS & IT-CSCP 2017 DOI : 10.5121/csit.2017.70408
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Computer Science & Information Tech
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Volume Editors Dhinaharan Nagamalai
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Organization General Chair Nataraja
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Technically Sponsored by Computer S
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Fourth International Conference on
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UNSUPERVISED DETECTION OF VIOLENT C
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INVESTIGATING BINARY STRING ENCODIN
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USE OF ADAPTIVE COLOURED PETRI NETW
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ESTIMATING HANDLING TIME OF SOFTWAR
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NEED FOR A SOFT DIMENSION Pradeep W
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AUTHORS Computer Science & Informat
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THE ANNUAL REPORT ALGORITHM: RETRIE
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A STUDY ON THE MOTION CHANGE UNDER
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B) Experiment part Computer Science
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ADAPTIVE AUTOMATA FOR GRAMMAR BASED
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STORAGE GROWING FORECAST WITH BACUL
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AUTHOR INDEX Abdullah A. Al-Shaher
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