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ecords on psychological warfare, 125; defines psychological warfare, 11–12; Division of Morale Research Branch, 26, 27–28, 29, 34, 35, 58, 60; Psychological Warfare Division, 25, 26, 27, 29, 35; scientific advisory panel, 61; Special Forces, 84, 132 Arthur, Brian, 107 Assassinations, 11, 40 Asymmetrical relationships, perceived, between sociologists and armed forces, 97 Atomic physics, economics of, 115 Atomic war, threat of, 54, 55, 87; posed by U.S., 7 Atrocity accounts, false, 96 Audience: elite versus mass, 73; passive, 92 Autonomy, sociologists, perceived, 97 Back, Kurt, 72, 131 Balloons, 79, 126 Barenblatt, Lloyd, 106 Barrett, Edward, 26, 28–29, 38, 131 Barton, Allen, 128 Bauer, Raymond, 59, 83, 87, 93, 131 Beals, Ralph, 128 Beard, Charles, 103, 104 Becker, Howard, 27 Bell, Daniel, 101 Bennett, John W., 36 Berelson, Bernard, 74, 89, 102, 128 Berlin Crisis of 1948, 45, 64 Biderman, Albert, 51, 72, 95–98, 127, 128, 129, 131 Bigman, Stanley, 73–74, 114, 131 Blum, William, 74 Blumler, Jay, 128 Bogart, Leo, 88 Bolshevik revolution of 1917, 16 Bombing, 58, 79, 96 Bonilla, Frank, 83 Boorstin, Daniel, 102–3 Bower, Robert, 72, 131 Bowers, Raymond, 57 Brazil, CIA intervention in, 81 Broadcasting, 126; to eastern Europe, 6–7, 35, 64–65. See also Radio Free Europe; Voice of America Brosin, Henry, 57 Bruner, Jerome, 82 Bureau of Applied Social Research (Columbia University), 4, 53, 55–57, 64, 69, 70, 72, 73, 114, 131 Bureau of Social Science Research (BASR), 4, 51, 53, 69, 70, 72–75, 88, 112, 127, 131–32 Burnham, James, 67, 68
Cambodia, 84 Campbell, Angus, 54 Cantril, (Albert) Hadley, 4, 20, 22, 26, 49, 50, 61, 80–81, 93, 130 Carey, James, 129 Carnegie Corporation, 58, 59–60, 102, 112 Carnegie Foundation, 9 Carroll, Wallace, 82 Casey, Ralph, 43 Cater, Douglas, 27 Catton, William, 75 Censorship: academic, 103–4; postal, 36 Center for International Studies (CENIS) (MIT), 4, 53–54, 81–84, 89–90, 113, 114, 131 Center for National Security Studies, 125 Center for Russian Research (Harvard University), 59, 60, 82, 87, 131 Central Intelligence Agency. See CIA Central Intelligence Group (CIG), 34, 37. See also CIA Chaffee, Steven, 6, 107, 108, 113, 128 Chapman, Dwight, 57–58 Chemical Corps, U.S. Army, 55 Chicago, University of, Waples’ newspaper and reading studies at, 22 Chile, 83, 112 China, 7, 64, 68 Christianity, evangelical propaganda and, 44 CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), 4, 9, 50, 53, 53, 72, 75, 100; documents on psychological warfare, 125–26; established, 34, 37; funding of publications, 100–101, 126; funds communication theorists, 79–93; and Harvard’s Russian Research Center, 59, 60; Office of Policy Coordination, 39–41, 45; in the Philippines, 74–75; Public Opinion Quarterly’s ties to, 43, 48–51; radio broadcasts, 6–7 (see also Radio Free Europe; Voice of America) Civil Affairs Division, U.S. Army, 35 Civil Defense Administration, Federal, 52 Civil wars, 98 Clausen, John A., 27, 111, 115 Cold war, 7, 10, 34, 39, 102; U.S. and Soviet “official” version of, 124 Columbia University purges alleged Marxists, 103. See also Bureau of Applied Social Research Commando raids, 24 Commercial advertising, 44 Commercial application of communication theory, 19–20, 44. See also Advertising Committee on Human Resources, Department of Defense, 57–59 Commodities, 20 Communication, social order maintained through, 17–19 Communication in Africa (Doob), 87 Communication theory and research, 3, 115; commercial applications, 5, 19–20; content analysis, 22, 88, 112; and development theory, 84–85, 90, 110, 113; diffusion studies, 75–79, 110, 112; early, 8–
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EARLY BIRD BOOKS FRESH EBOOK DEALS,
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For Tom, Burney, and Bruce
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Introduction I We the people seem t
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Preface Science of Coercion documen
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and the Verso (London) edition of M
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dynamic fields in the academy. But
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1 Defining Psychological War Commun
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agencies’ missions were concerned
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sympathetic insiders who enjoyed co
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. deprive him of the support of his
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2 World War and Early Modern Commun
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violence, bribery and other possibl
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order in an abstract sense, but rat
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The phrase “psychological warfare
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In addition to his OWI work, Nathan
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study strongly suggests that at Sto
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social scientists, all national int
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U.S. forces and for remolding attit
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In reality, however, only minutes a
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4 Academic Advocates Looked at with
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he argued, and the Soviet technique
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campaign. 27 Again, some historical
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Goldhamer (both of RAND Corp.), Sam
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“civilian” study appears to hav
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The Voice of America project began
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American Soldier studies by Samuel
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discussed by Delia and others. 39 T
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Information Service (USIS). The Voi
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psychological warfare campaigns, as
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Several other articles in the same
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major project in the Middle East sp
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Lowery and DeFleur later pointed ou
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manufactured the purported bomber g
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Lazarsfeld, Edward Shils, and Ithie
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This continuity of leading theoreti
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government on the basis of claims t
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What all this meant as far as the p
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7 Internalization and Enforcement o
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“2. Insulation [of social scienti
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on narrowly drawn methodological is
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decade earlier he had briefly joine
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commentary on Vance Packard’s Hid
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democracies to underwrite extraordi
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egarded as problematic by U.S. poli
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important intellectual sources of w
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Appendix Dr. Stuart Dodd’s List o
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33. Nehnevajsa, Jiri, and Stuart C.
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Bibliographic Essay This book exami
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There is an extensive secondary lit
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undisputed “dominant paradigm”
Page 103 and 104: two trends. Jean Converse 157 offer
Page 105 and 106: 1961, BSSR Archives, series II, box
Page 107 and 108: 25. U.S. Department of the Army Gen
Page 109 and 110: captured German records No. T-71, r
Page 111 and 112: (1984): 207-13. On the OSS, see Bar
Page 113 and 114: 2nd sess., Part 4 Washington, DC: G
Page 115 and 116: Administration,” 13, no. 4 (Winte
Page 117 and 118: 3. Harry Alpert, “Opinion and Att
Page 119 and 120: 26. Alexander Leighton, Human Relat
Page 121 and 122: Lowenthal Martin Jay (ed.), (Berkel
Page 123 and 124: this article jointly to Lazarsfeld
Page 125 and 126: Intelligence (New York: Dell, 1974)
Page 127 and 128: Publicly U.S. Policies in Vietnam
Page 129 and 130: Princeton University Press, 1949),
Page 131 and 132: include prominent U.S. social scien
Page 133 and 134: 1990): 92-99, with quotes drawn fro
Page 135 and 136: 34. Chaffee, “The Contributions o
Page 137 and 138: Group 319, entry 154, U.S. National
Page 139 and 140: York: Bantam, 1968). 24. Marchetti
Page 141 and 142: three recent citations, including o
Page 143 and 144: CO: Westview Press, 1985). 77. Irvi
Page 145 and 146: World Revolutionary Propaganda (197
Page 147 and 148: survey research division. 121. Daug
Page 149 and 150: version, see Leo Lowenthal, An Unma
Page 151 and 152: 1972, respectively); Paul Sheatsley
Page 153: Index Academic censorship, 103-4 Ad
Page 157 and 158: Demolition, 40 Deniability, 39 Denn
Page 159 and 160: Health, Education and Welfare, Depa
Page 161 and 162: Leafletting, 43, 67, 76-79 Leaks, 3
Page 163 and 164: Nicaragua, 115 Nigeria, CIA interve
Page 165 and 166: 102; researchers, bibliography on,
Page 167 and 168: State-Army-Navy-Air Force Coordinat
Page 169 and 170: Acknowledgments I owe special thank
Page 171 and 172: All rights reserved, including with
Page 173 and 174: FORBIDDEN BOOKSHELF EBOOKS FROM OPE
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