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22 LONG VOWELS BETWEEN STROKES. ^ 42
GRAMMALOGUES.
42. Frequently occurring words are expressed in shorthand
by a single sign, as .^ for .A.- be. These words
are called grammalogues or letter-words, and the shorthand
characters that represent them are called logograms,
or word-letters. At the head of the following Exercises
some logograms are given which must be committed to
memory. These characters are written above, on, or
through the line, as ....^......^ .N^...
In the following Exercises (until the rules on the subject
are reached), the student is directed by a small capital letter
when to write the letters \_, R, and H downward.
The period is represented by a small cross; thus x
Exercise 9.
s
o or an, the; all, ...v.. two, too;
of,
...\... to; owe, ..a... he.
Grammalogues are printed in italic.
1. CaR, laRk, mark, charge, bought, gall, Gaul, tall.
2. Maim, baRe, lathe, paid, rode, road, lode, load.
3. KneeL, zeal, deal, peel, more, booR, tooth, Ruth.
4. Polo, retail, retake, reindeeR, rainfaLL, female.
5. An age of ease wrought the faLL of Rome.
6. He rode the maRe to the faiR.
7. Paul Booth paid all he owed.
8. Row the boat to the shoRe of the lake.
9. Four of the eight owe the change to Paul Beale.
10. Two of the team feeL too pooR to shaRe the faRe to Lee.