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Interview. . . continued from pg. 9 from around the world, plus breeding and genetic stocks. These are kept and distributed in sterile test tube culture. All these stocks are subject to a rigorous virus testing program, have extensive associated information in an online database, and can be ordered free of charge. How is it possible to genetically improve the potato? What do you look for and what does your research entail? USPG supports advances in potato genetics and breeding by providing raw materials. Our main responsibility is to acquire, classify, preserve and distribute the germplasm. But to get maximum impact from that service, we also need to do research and development. How and where is the most genetic diversity to be had, and how do we avoid losing it once we get it into the genebank? We are answering such questions with DNA markers. We also study how to keep improving our techniques for producing plenty of seeds and storing them in a way that maintains high viability and avoids contamination with viruses. The germplasm is not much good if genebank staff doesn’t also discover and provide information on how to grow and crossbreed with it. The staff must keep accurate, detailed and organized records on everything known about the history and qualities of the stock. The genebank collection is just a sample of what is in the wild. We need to know if it is a good one. So for the past 25 years, we have collected and studied the two potato species native to the southwest United States as models. We screen for new traits. We want to dabble in research in as many uses of germplasm as possible, so we will have a bit of experience from which 10 BCT August to help customers from all disciplines. Since it is not practical to attempt to research all traits wholly in-house, we do joint research projects with many different specialists across the country and world, including pathologists, physiologists, breeders, entomologists and food scientists. While we don’t usually interact directly with growers or processors, we are keen to keep abreast of their needs. Finally, USPG germplasm ultimately originated in Latin America, so we are engaged in close collaboration with our counterparts there, particularly in Peru. I understand the U.S. Potato Genebank (USPG) is a cooperative effort between the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and all 50 SAES (State Agricultural Research Stations), with special support of the University of Wisconsin. What is the role of the USPG in Wisconsin? The USPG was started in the state because the Above: Two acres of potato seedlings were transplanted at the Hancock Agricultural Research Station, involving many USPG research projects. University of Wisconsin has long been a powerhouse of research on potato germplasm. Stan Peloquin used our stocks to discover how to bring exotics and cultivated forms to the same level for breeding. He figured out how to manipulate crossing, directly resulting in the Yukon Gold potato variety. Others contributed pioneering techniques to overcome crossing barriers, like Bob Hanneman’s discovery of inbreeding and genetic cross-ability factors, and John Helgeson’s somatic fusions. Jiming Jiang and John Helgeson isolated a key gene that provides durable resistance to late blight from a wild species that had been collected in Mexico and preserved and studied continued on pg. 12
Bring your potato set to life with eye-catching bag designs from Crazy Fresh. Each variety features it’s own bold color palette to make it easy for consumers to spot and pick their favorite spuds. Plus we’ve added lots of useful information to the back of the bag like recipes, cooking tips, nutrition and a handy chart illustrating the best uses for each variety of spuds. Russ Davis Wholesale and RPE, your partners for perfect Wisconsin potatoes! GOODNESS from the GROUND UP russdaviswholesale.com 715.539.2800 crazyfreshproduce.com
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