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About the Tutorial JavaScript is a lightweight, interpreted programming language. It is designed for creating network-centric applications. It is complimentary to and integrated with Java. JavaScript is very easy to implement because it is integrated with HTML. It is open and cross-platform. Audience This tutorial has been prepared for JavaScript beginners to help them understand the basic functionality of JavaScript to build dynamic web pages and web applications. Prerequisites For this tutorial, it is assumed that the reader have a prior knowledge of HTML coding. It would help if the reader had some prior exposure to object-oriented programming concepts and a general idea on creating online applications. Copyright and Disclaimer Copyright 2015 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at contact@tutorialspoint.com i
Table of Contents About the Tutorial ............................................................................................................................................ i Audience ........................................................................................................................................................... i Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................................... i Copyright and Disclaimer ................................................................................................................................. i Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ ii PART 1: JAVASCRIPT BASICS ........................................................................................................ 1 1. Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 2 What is JavaScript? .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Client-Side JavaScript....................................................................................................................................... 2 Advantages of JavaScript ................................................................................................................................. 3 Limitations of JavaScript .................................................................................................................................. 3 JavaScript Development Tools......................................................................................................................... 3 Where is JavaScript Today? ............................................................................................................................. 4 2. Syntax ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Your First JavaScript Code ............................................................................................................................... 5 Whitespace and Line Breaks ............................................................................................................................ 6 Semicolons are Optional.................................................................................................................................. 6 Case Sensitivity ................................................................................................................................................ 7 Comments in JavaScript .................................................................................................................................. 7 3. Enabling .................................................................................................................................................... 9 JavaScript in Internet Explorer ........................................................................................................................ 9 JavaScript in Firefox ......................................................................................................................................... 9 JavaScript in Chrome ..................................................................................................................................... 10 JavaScript in Opera ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Warning for Non-JavaScript Browsers ........................................................................................................... 10 4. Placement ............................................................................................................................................... 12 JavaScript in ... Section ......................................................................................................... 12 JavaScript in ... Section ......................................................................................................... 13 JavaScript in and Sections .................................................................................................... 13 JavaScript in External File .............................................................................................................................. 14 5. Variables ................................................................................................................................................. 16 JavaScript Datatypes...................................................................................................................................... 16 JavaScript Variables ....................................................................................................................................... 16 JavaScript Variable Scope .............................................................................................................................. 17 JavaScript Variable Names ............................................................................................................................ 18 JavaScript Reserved Words ........................................................................................................................... 19 6. Operators................................................................................................................................................ 20 What is an Operator? .................................................................................................................................... 20 Arithmetic Operators..................................................................................................................................... 20 Comparison Operators .................................................................................................................................. 23 Logical Operators ........................................................................................................................................... 26 ii
Page 4 and 5: Bitwise Operators .................
Page 6 and 7: 23. String ........................
Page 8 and 9: setUTCDate () .....................
Page 10 and 11: Checking for Plug-Ins .............
Page 12 and 13: 1. OVERVIEW Javascript What is Java
Page 14 and 15: Javascript components, integrates w
Page 16 and 17: Javascript This function can be use
Page 18 and 19: Javascript The following example sh
Page 20 and 21: Javascript JavaScript in Chrome Her
Page 22 and 23: 4. PLACEMENT Javascript There is a
Page 24 and 25: Javascript This code will
Page 26 and 27: 5. VARIABLES Javascript JavaScript
Page 28 and 29: Javascript Within the body of a fun
Page 30 and 31: 6. OPERATORS Javascript What is an
Page 32 and 33: Javascript document.write("a - b =
Page 34 and 35: Javascript the right operand, if ye
Page 36 and 37: Javascript Output (a == b) => false
Page 38 and 39: Javascript Output (a && b) => fal
Page 40 and 41: Javascript document.write("(a | b)
Page 42 and 43: Javascript Ex: C /= A is equivalent
Page 44 and 45: Javascript Set the variables to dif
Page 46 and 47: Javascript Function Undefined Null
Page 48 and 49: 7. IF-ELSE Javascript While writing
Page 50 and 51: Javascript Output Qualifies for dri
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Javascript Try the following code t
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Javascript Syntax The objective of
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Javascript switch (grade) { case 'A
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Javascript Syntax The syntax of whi
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Javascript do{ Statement(s) to be e
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10. FOR LOOP Javascript The for Loo
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Javascript Current Count : 6 Curren
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Javascript Set the variable to diff
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Javascript Set the variable to
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Javascript Entering the loop 2 3 4
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Javascript Output Entering th
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13. FUNCTIONS Javascript A function
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Javascript Click the following butt
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Javascript Click the following but
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Javascript Use different parameters
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Javascript var variablename = funct
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14. EVENTS Javascript What is an Ev
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Javascript ....... onmouseove
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Javascript ondragenter script Trigg
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Javascript onplaying script Trigger
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15. COOKIES Javascript What are Coo
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Javascript Enter name: Outp
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Javascript Setting Cookies Expiry D
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Javascript Output Enter Cookie Na
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Javascript Example Try the followin
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Javascript setTimeout('Redirect()',
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17. DIALOG BOX Javascript JavaScrip
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Javascript Output Click the fol
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18. VOID KEYWORD Javascript void is
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Javascript Click the followin
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Javascript 2. If you do not want to
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Javascript 104
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Javascript Methods are useful for e
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Javascript Output Book title is
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Javascript User-defined objects /
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Javascript In the following section
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Javascript Click the following t
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Javascript Day of the Month must be
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Javascript alert("Value of bigNumbe
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Javascript constructor It returns a
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Javascript Try the following exampl
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Javascript document.write(""); docu
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Javascript document.write("num.toPr
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Javascript Returns the primitive va
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Javascript Returns the function tha
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Javascript Method toSource() toStri
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Javascript Output flag.toString
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23. STRING Javascript The String ob
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Javascript concat() indexOf() lastI
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Javascript document.writeln("str.ch
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Javascript Argument Details string2
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Javascript lastIndexOf () This meth
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Javascript var index = str1.localeC
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Javascript substring. $n or $nn Whe
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Javascript Search () This method ex
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Javascript document.write( sliced )
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Javascript Return Value Returns a s
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Javascript JavaScript String toLow
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Javascript var str = "Apples are r
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Javascript were in a tag sup() Cau
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Javascript blink () This method cau
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Javascript JavaScript String font
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Javascript JavaScript String link(
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Javascript JavaScript String strik
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Javascript JavaScript String sup(
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Javascript input length prototype T
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Javascript Prototype The prototype
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Javascript push() reduce() reduceRi
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Javascript every () Javascript arra
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Javascript } var passed = [12, 5, 8
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Javascript Array.prototype.filter =
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Javascript } }; Example Try the fol
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Javascript var len = this.length; v
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Javascript join () Javascript array
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Javascript var from = Number(argume
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Javascript } var index = [12, 5, 8,
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Javascript Array.prototype.map = fu
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Javascript Its syntax is as follows
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Javascript var rv = arguments[1]; }
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Javascript } } throw new TypeError(
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Javascript } rv = this[i--]; break;
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Javascript } rv = fun.call(null, rv
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Javascript Output Removed element
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Javascript { } if (i in this && fun
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Javascript Return Value Returns a s
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Javascript toString () Javascript a
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25. DATE Javascript The Date object
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Javascript Return Value Returns the
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Javascript Date Methods Here is a l
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Javascript universal time. setUTCMo
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Javascript Syntax Its syntax is as
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Javascript var dt = new Date(); d
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Javascript getMonth() : 11 getSecon
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Javascript Output getUTCHours() :
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Javascript JavaScript getYear Met
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Javascript JavaScript setFullYear
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Javascript If you specify a number
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Javascript monthValue : An integ
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Javascript setTime () Javascript da
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Javascript Date.setUTCFullYear(year
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Javascript document.write( dt );
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Javascript var dt = new Date(1993,
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Javascript toLocaleDateString () Ja
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Javascript For instances of Date,
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Javascript var dateobject = new
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Javascript Output 743850547000 Date
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Javascript minutes : An integer
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Javascript In the following section
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Javascript Property Value is : 0.43
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Javascript JavaScript Math SQRT2 P
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Javascript First Test Value : 3.141
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Javascript JavaScript Math atan() M
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Javascript var value = Math.atan2(+
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Javascript Output First Test Value
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Javascript var value = Math.log(10
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Javascript min ( ) This method retu
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Javascript var value = Math.pow(7,
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Javascript Return Value Returns the
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Javascript Output First Test Val
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27. REGEXP Javascript A regular exp
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Javascript Examples Following examp
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Javascript m g Specifies that if th
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Javascript Test1 - ignoreCase prope
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Javascript if ( re.multiline ){ doc
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Javascript exec ( ) The exec method
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Javascript document.write("Test 2 -
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Javascript document.write("Test 1 -
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Javascript There are several DOMs i
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Javascript forms[ ] 9 An array of F
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Javascript Ex: document.close( ) op
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Javascript This is main title Click
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Javascript createElement( tagName)
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Javascript NOTE: This example r
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Javascript Specifies the loading st
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Javascript NOTE: This example
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Javascript Part 3: JavaScript Advan
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Javascript Logical Errors Logic err
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Javascript Now let us try to catch
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Javascript Output Click the followi
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Javascript Click the following to s
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30. FORM VALIDATION Javascript Form
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Javascript Basic Form Validation Fi
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Javascript var emailID = document.m
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Javascript Manual Animation So let'
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Javascript } function moveRight(){
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Javascript It is not possible to s
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Javascript Output Checking for Plug
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Javascript //--> If you
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Javascript Error Messages in Firefo
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Javascript Use a JavaScript Debugge
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34. IMAGE MAP Javascript You can us
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Javascript Output You can feel the
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Javascript 6 plugins[] This propert
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Javascript document.write(" Browser
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