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Contents<br />
Overview ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 4<br />
Responsible reporting on suicide: a quick reference guide ............................................................................................................... 4<br />
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 5<br />
Scientific evidence of media impacts on suicidal behaviour .............................................................................................................. 6<br />
<strong>Reporting</strong> as a risk factor of suicidal behaviour ............................................................................................................................ 6<br />
Positive impacts of reporting ........................................................................................................................................................ 7<br />
<strong>Guidance</strong> on responsible reporting .................................................................................................................................................... 7<br />
Sources of reliable in<strong>for</strong>mation ........................................................................................................................................................ 10<br />
Considerations <strong>for</strong> digital media ...................................................................................................................................................... 11<br />
<strong>Reporting</strong> on mass shootings <strong>and</strong> terrorism .................................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Overview of the scientific literature on media impacts ................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Harmful media impacts ............................................................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Protective media impacts ............................................................................................................................................................ 14<br />
Digital media ............................................................................................................................................................................... 15<br />
An introduction to youth self-harm <strong>and</strong> suicide .............................................................................................................................. 16<br />
The Four Steps to Help Programme ............................................................................................................................................ 16<br />
Why awareness <strong>and</strong> vigilance are so important.......................................................................................................................... 17<br />
Fighting stigma ............................................................................................................................................................................ 18<br />
Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................................................................................................ 18<br />
Myths about suicide ......................................................................................................................................................................... 20<br />
What should I be watching <strong>for</strong>? ....................................................................................................................................................... 23<br />
Some of the underlying causes of youth suicide <strong>and</strong> self-harm .................................................................................................. 23<br />
Cyber Bullying .............................................................................................................................................................................. 25<br />
Suicide Clusters ........................................................................................................................................................................... 25<br />
Warning signs <strong>and</strong> behavioural changes .......................................................................................................................................... 27<br />
Main Indicators ........................................................................................................................................................................... 28<br />
General Warning Signs ................................................................................................................................................................ 29<br />
Teen specific warning signs ......................................................................................................................................................... 30<br />
General risk factors ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31<br />
Teen specific risk factors ............................................................................................................................................................. 33<br />
The Dangerous Calm ................................................................................................................................................................... 33<br />
Basic guidelines on how to help ....................................................................................................................................................... 34<br />
Tolerant <strong>and</strong> accepting ................................................................................................................................................................ 34<br />
Respect ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 34<br />
Not judging or trivialising ............................................................................................................................................................ 34<br />
Allow the young person to talk ................................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
Don’t guarantee confidentiality .................................................................................................................................................. 35<br />
Listening ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
Discussion does not cause suicide ............................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
Under 18s .................................................................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
Getting support ........................................................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
Mental Health Awareness Programmes ...................................................................................................................................... 36<br />
Providing young people with coping skills .................................................................................................................................. 37<br />
What can I do <strong>for</strong> my children? ................................................................................................................................................... 37<br />
The role of the listener ..................................................................................................................................................................... 38<br />
General guidance ........................................................................................................................................................................ 38<br />
Active Listening ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39<br />
Characteristics of good active listening ....................................................................................................................................... 39<br />
Attitude of the listener ................................................................................................................................................................ 40<br />
Summary .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 41<br />
References ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 42<br />
<strong>Reporting</strong> guidance <strong>and</strong> suicide prevention in<strong>for</strong>mation <strong>for</strong> media professionals Page 3 of 44
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